East Low German
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East Low German | |
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Native to | Germany, Poland, Brazil |
Indo-European
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Language codes | |
ISO 639-2 | nds for Low German |
ISO 639-3 | nds for Low German |
Glottolog | nort2627 |
Low German dialects. East Low German includes the four dialects in the east [Note: The map confuses East Pomeranian (cp. Farther Pomerania), West Prussian (cp. West Prussia) and East Prussian (cp. East Prussia).] |
East Low German (
East Pomeranian, Central Pomeranian and West Pomeranian should not be confused with the West Slavic Pomeranian language (German: Pomoranisch).
Related languages
East Low German belongs to the dialect continuum of the continental West Germanic languages. It developed from the older Middle Low German.
In the West it fades into West Low German. The distinction is usually made referring to the plural endings of the verbs: East Low German endings are based on the old first person ending: -e(n), whereas West Low German endings are based on the old second person ending: -(e)t. The categorization of the Low German dialects into an Eastern and a Western group is not made by all linguists.
In the South, it fades into
Dialects
East Low German dialects are:[3]
- Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch (in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)
- Brandenburgisch or Märkisch-Brandenburgisch (Brandenburgish; in Brandenburg, northern Saxony-Anhalt)
- Middle Pomeranian (Mittelpommersch)
- East Pomeranian (in Farther Pomerania)
- Low Prussian (in West Prussia and East Prussia)
Instead of Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch also Mecklenburgisch and Vorpommersch are used.[4]
For some it also includes
The German dialects of Pomerania are compiled and described in the Pommersches Wörterbuch ("Pomeranian Dictionary"), a dictionary of the German dialects spoken within the Province of Pomerania's borders in 1936.
East Pomeranian dialect of East Low German is also spoken in
History
After
As a result of German immigration to Brazil, there are still some communities speaking East Pomeranian in Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Espírito Santo.[6]
Writers
Fritz Reuter and Heinrich Bandlow are among the most famous East Low German writers.
See also
References
- ISBN 978-0-521-35704-3.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-136-08668-7.
- ^ Stellmacher, Dieter (1990). Niederdeutsche Sprache: Eine Einführung (in German). Peter Lang. p. 129.
Die ond. [= ostniederdeutschen] Dialekte gliedern sich in drei größere Dialektlandschaften, das Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersche, das Mittelpommersche und das Märkisch-Brandenburgische.
- ^ Graefen, Gabriele; Liedke-Göbel, Martina (2020). Germanistische Sprachwissenschaft: Deutsch als Erst-, Zweit- oder Fremdsprache (in German) (3rd ed.). A. Francke. p. 31.
Der niederdeutsche Sprachraum umfasst die niederfränkischen, westniederdeutschen (Westfälisch, Ostfälisch, Nordniedersächsisch) und ostniederdeutschen Dialekte (Mecklenburgisch, Vorpommersch, Brandenburgisch, Märkisch).
- ISBN 3-11-015883-3. (series: Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (HSK) 2.3)
- ^ Dietrich, Renata Pinz (2004-08-31). "180 Anos de Imigração Alemã". Site da Lingua Alemã (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2004-08-31. Retrieved 2007-08-12.