East New York, Brooklyn
East New York | |
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UTC−4 (EDT) | |
ZIP Codes | 11207, 11208, 11239 |
Area codes | 718, 347, 929, and 917 |
East New York is a residential
East New York was founded as the Town of
East New York is part of
History
Early history and development
At the northern edge of what is now East New York, a chain of
In the 1650s
In 1835, Connecticut merchant John Pitkin (the namesake of Pitkin Avenue) purchased the land of the Town of New Lots north of New Lots Avenue, opening a shoe factory at what is now Williams Street and Pitkin Avenue. Pitkin named the area "East New York" to signify it as the eastern end of New York City.[11] In 1836 the Brooklyn and Jamaica Railroad (soon to become part of the Long Island Rail Road) opened through the area; it did not originally stop in East New York, but a stop there was added by 1844.[12] The LIRR moved its terminus to Queens in 1860, and the line through Brooklyn was shortened to end at East New York.[13]
In 1852, New Lots was officially ceded from the Town of Flatbush.
Annexation to Brooklyn and 20th century
East New York (as the Town of New Lots) was annexed as the 26th Ward of the rapidly growing
In 1939, the Works Progress Administration Guide to New York City[14] wrote:
The development of East New York began in 1835 through the enterprise of John R. Pitkin, a wealthy
Slavicfamilies continue to burn candles before icons, and observe religious fetes according to the old calendar...
After World War II, thousands of manufacturing jobs left New York City thereby increasing the importance of the remaining jobs to those with limited education and job skills. During this same period, large numbers of Puerto Ricans from the Caribbean island and African-Americans from the South emigrated to New York City looking for employment. East New York, no longer replete with the jobs the new residents had come for, was thereby faced with a host of new socioeconomic problems, including widespread unemployment and crime.
Social problems
Since the late 1950s East New York has had some of the highest
Walter Thabit, a
Urban renewal
In the 1980s East Brooklyn Congregations (EBC), an affiliate of the Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF) organized to address the need for quality affordable housing in East New York. This coalition advocated that vacant New York City owned land be provided at no cost for the development of new affordable owner occupied housing with subsidies for low-interest mortgages.[20][21][22] This effort was called the Nehemiah Program. It was replicated in other parts of the city and country and led to national legislation.[20] The Nehemiah homes were funded by a loan from $8 million loan fund from three Brooklyn Churches. Its setup was described as follows by The New York Times the city provides vacant sites, forgives real-estate taxes on the homes (but not the land) for 10 years, and provides what amounts to a $10,000 interest-free loan per house. Buyers pay $43,500 (their median income was $27,000; 40 percent moved from public or subsidized housing)."[20][21][22]
New developments are rising in the area, including the
Pre Gentrification Stages
Although the neighborhood has not experienced the same level of gentrification as many other Brooklyn neighborhoods, since the 2010s it has been moving into the pre gentrification stages as real estate companies have been trying to buy up properties and raise property value prices. With the neighborhood rezoned in 2016 under Bill de Blasio's administration, luxury housing developments have been introduced into the area. Real estate agencies have sometimes persuaded homeowners to sell the properties to them, and often they would resell them to other companies for a higher price. Local residents, who are overwhelmingly Black and Latino, have accused these real estate companies of being racist and trying to gentrify them out of the neighborhood to bring wealthier, white residents.[26][27][28][29]
Demographics
Based on data from the 2010 United States census, the population of East New York was 91,958, an increase of 8,683 (10.4%) from the 83,275 counted in the 2000 census. Covering an area of 2,665.73 acres (1,078.78 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 34.5 inhabitants per acre (22,100/sq mi; 8,500/km2).[2]
The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 63.6% (58,453)
The entirety of Community Board 5 had 181,300 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 78.6 years.[30]: 2, 20 This is lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.[31]: 53 (PDF p. 84) [32] Most inhabitants are middle-aged adults and youth: 27% are between the ages of 0 and 17, 28% between 25 and 44, and 34% between 45 and 64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 10% and 12% respectively.[30]: 2
As of 2016, the median
During the 1960s, East New York transitioned from being predominately Jewish and Italian to being predominately African American and Puerto Rican. However, now East New York is more diversified, with large
According to the 2020 census data from New York City Department of City Planning, Black residents make up the majority of East New York, but there are also significant populations of Hispanic residents. In East New York North, there are between 20,000 and 29,999 Black residents and between 10,000 and 19,999 Hispanic residents. City Line has about an equal population of Black and Hispanic residents (10,000 to 19,999) and 5,000 to 9,999 Asian residents. East New York New Lots has 30,000 to 39,999 Black residents and 10,000 to 19,999 Hispanic residents. Cypress Hills is the only section of East New York that has a majority Hispanic community, with 20,000 to 29,999 Hispanic residents and 5,000 to 9,999 Black residents. In all parts of East New York except for City Line, there were less than 5,000 white and Asian residents.[35][36]
Geography
This section needs additional citations for verification. (February 2021) |
East New York covers a relatively large area, abutting the
Land use
East New York consists of mixed properties but primarily
The area is also home to the East Brooklyn Industrial Park. The 44-block
NYCHA Public Housing Developments
Public housing developments of various type and a smaller number of tenements populate the area. There are eleven New York City Housing Authority developments located in East New York.[37][38][39]
- Cypress Hills Houses; fifteen 7-story buildings.
- East New York City Line; thirty-three 3-story buildings.
- Long Island Baptist Houses; four, 6-story rehabilitated tenement buildings.
- Louis Heaton Pink Houses; twenty-two 8-story buildings.
- Unity Plaza (Sites 4, 5A, 6, 7, 11, 12, 27); five 6-story buildings.
- Unity Plaza (Sites 17, 24, 25A); three buildings 6 stories tall.
- Vandalia Avenue; two 10-story buildings.
- NYCHA Converted RAD PACT Section 8 Developments Since December 28, 2021
- Boulevard Houses was the first of 11 developments to be built in the area. Built in 1950, it includes eighteen buildings, 6 and 14 stories tall.
- Belmont-Sutter Area; 3 Buildings With A Total Of 72 Apartment Units
- Fiorentino Plaza; eight 4-story buildings.
- Linden Houses; nineteen buildings, 8 and 14 stories.
- Pennsylvania Avenue-Wortman Avenue; three buildings, 8 and 16 stories tall.
NYCHA Converted Section 8 RAD Developments
Starting in 2016, New York City Housing Authority began to convert some of their developments into the RAD PACT Section 8 Management with public–private partnership leases with private real estate developers and companies to help manage the properties as well as to get the capital needs and funding to make the necessary repairs and to maintain them properly. Several of the public housing developments in East New York have been switched to this program as of December 28, 2021 along with providing social service providers on their sites to cater to the needs of their local residents, which is nearly half of the East New York NYCHA developments being converted to this program.[40][38][39]
NYCHA signed public–private partnership leases with The Hudson Companies, Inc.; Property Resources Corporation; Duvernay + Brooks LLC; Property Resources Corporation; and Lisa Management, Inc. to manage Belmont-Sutter Area Houses, Boulevard Houses, and Fiorentino Plaza Houses with a contracted social services provider called CAMBA, Inc. on their sites and as well as with Douglaston Development; L+M Development Partners; Dantes Partners; SMJ Development Corp; Clinton Management; and C&C Apartment Management LLC to manage Linden Houses and Pennsylvania Avenue-Wortman Avenue Houses with a contracted social services provider called University Settlement on their sites.
East New York Farms
With the founding of East New York Farms in 1998, there has been an increase usage in lots. Various organizations and local community groups have different gardens in order to beautify the area.[41]
African Burial Ground Square
African Burial Ground Square was designated in 2013 after remains were found some years earlier between New Lots and Livonia Avenues from Barbey to Schenck Streets. It shares space with the New Lots branch of the Brooklyn Public Library.[42] After months of effort, the burial ground was finally confirmed and formally recognized.[43]
Subsections
City Line
City Line is a sub-section of East New York bordering the neighborhoods of
New Lots
New Lots is a sub-section of East New York. The "New Lots" east of the Town of
Spring Creek
Cypress Hills
Cypress Hills, a subsection of East New York, The Hispanic or Latino population were 60.9%.
Area schools include:
- Franklin K. Lane High School was at the extreme northeast corner of the neighborhood, north of Jamaica Avenue; it closed in 2011. New schools opened on the campus[56] and they are administered by the New York City Department of Education as H.S. 420. Today the school is the campus site for five different high schools: The Academy of Innovative Technology, The Brooklyn Lab School, Cypress Hill Prep Academy, The Urban Assembly School for Collaborative Healthcare, and Multicultural High School.
- P.S. 108 Sal Abbracciamento School is at 200 Linwood Street (on the corner of Arlington).[57] It is a public elementary school with an enrollment of about 900 students in grades pre-K through 5.[58] Its building dates to 1895 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
- Blessed Sacrament Elementary School is on Euclid Avenue, between Fulton Street and Ridgewood Avenue.
- Saint Fortunata is located on Linden Boulevard and Crescent Street.
- IS 171 is on Ridgewood Avenue between Nichols Avenue and Lincoln Avenue.
- IS 302 is also a public school, on Linwood Street between Atlantic Avenue and Liberty Avenue. The school shut down in 2013 and was replaced with 3 schools, Vista Academy, Liberty Avenue Middle School, and Achievement First Appolo.
- Within IS 302, due to lack of funding, there used to be a public school ranging from grades K (kindergarten) to 8th grade, P.S. 89 (aka Cypress Hills Community School) which has since attained its own school building not far from IS 302 on the corner of Atlantic Avenue and Warwick Street.
- PS 7 sits between Crescent Street and Hemlock Street.
- PS 65 "The Little Red School House" serves 549 students in grades K–5. The school moved to Jamaica Avenue in 2009, so space could be made for a charter school.
- PS 290 sits on the corner of Fulton Street and Schenck Avenue.
- Followers of Jesus School is a private Christian school that sits on Atlantic Avenue, between Shepherd Avenue and Essex Street.
Starrett City
Starrett City (also known as Spring Creek Towers) is the largest subsidized rental apartment complex in the United States.[59] Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are: Flatlands Avenue to the north, Hendrix Street to the east, Jamaica Bay to the south and the Fresh Creek Basin. Opened in 1974,[60][61] the Starrett City site spanned over 153 acres (0.62 km2) before being subdivided in 2009 as part of a refinancing. The housing development contains 5,881 apartment units in 46 buildings.[62] The residential site also includes eight parking garages and a community center.[6]: 2–3 [63] The area contains a shopping center as well.[64] A number of parcels of undeveloped land totaling 13 acres (5.3 ha) were separated out from the residential site as part of the refinancing.[65]
The development was designed by
The Hole
The area is home to the
Police and crime
East New York is patrolled by the 75th Precinct of the NYPD.[4] While total crime has decreased since the 1990s, it is still higher in East New York than in the rest of the city.[75] In 2023, there were 24 homicides in the 75th Precinct, a rate of 11.9 per 100,000 population, vs. a rate of 4.4 homicides per 100,000 population for the city as a whole.[76]
The precinct reported 24 murders, 762 rapes, 696 robberies, 1,079 felony assaults, 354 burglaries, 1,073 grand larcenies, and 551 grand larcenies auto in 2023.[77]
Fire safety
The New York City Fire Department (FDNY) operates four fire stations and one EMS station in East New York:[78]
- Engine Company 332/Ladder Company 175 – 165 Bradford Street[79]
- Engine Company 290/Ladder Company 103 – 480 Sheffield Avenue[80]
- Engine Company 236 – 998 Liberty Avenue[81]
- Engine Company 225/Ladder Company 107/Battalion 39 – 799 Lincoln Avenue[82]
- EMS Station 39
Health
As of 2018[update], preterm births and births to teenage mothers are more common in East New York than in other places citywide. In East New York, there were 110 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 29.3 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).[30]: 11 East New York has a relatively low population of residents who are uninsured, or who receive healthcare through Medicaid.[83] In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 7%, which is lower than the citywide rate of 12%.[30]: 14
The concentration of
Seventy-six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is lower than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 70% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", less than the city's average of 78%.[30]: 13 For every supermarket in East New York, there are 13 bodegas.[30]: 10
There are several hospitals in the East New York area, including NYC Health + Hospitals/Gotham Health, East New York; Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center; and Kings County Hospital Center.[83]: 19–20
Post offices and ZIP Codes
The majority of East New York is covered by
Education
East New York generally has a lower ratio of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018[update]. While 21% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 23% have less than a high school education and 56% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 40% of Brooklynites and 38% of city residents have a college education or higher.[30]: 6 The percentage of East New York students excelling in reading and math has been increasing, with reading achievement rising from 26 percent in 2000 to 32 percent in 2011, and math achievement rising from 19 percent to 43 percent within the same time period.[86]
East New York's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is higher than the rest of New York City. In East New York, 31% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per
Schools
The
One of the neighborhood's local
Libraries
The Brooklyn Public Library (BPL) has four branches in East New York:
- The Arlington branch at 203 Arlington Avenue near Warwick Street, a Carnegie library.[88]
- The Cypress Hills branch at 1197 Sutter Avenue near Crystal Street. It was founded in 1955 and the current building opened in 1995.[89]
- The New Lots branch and New Lots Learning Center at 665 New Lots Avenue near Barbey Street. It was founded in 1942 and became a BPL branch in 1949.[90]
- The Spring Creek branch at 12143 Flatlands Avenue near New Jersey Avenue, which opened in 1977.[91]
Transportation
East New York is well-served by public transportation, including these New York City Subway services:[92]
- The New Lots Avenue on the IRT New Lots Line.
- The New Lots Avenue on the BMT Canarsie Line.
- The Grant Avenue on the IND Fulton Street Line.
- The Cypress Hills on the BMT Jamaica Line.
The following MTA Regional Bus Operations routes serve the neighborhood:[93]
- The BM5express routes
- The Q56local routes
In addition, the neighborhood contains the
Avenues and other major highways and roadways designed for automobiles include:
- Atlantic Avenue
- Pennsylvania Avenue
- Fulton Street
- NY-27)
- Fountain Avenue
- Sutter Avenue
- Conduit Avenue
- Flatlands Avenue
- Belt Parkway
- Jackie Robinson Parkway
Related TV Show
In October 2022, CBS series debuted a TV drama serial show simply called East New York with storylines about the fictional 74th Police Precinct showing the lives of their NYPD officers patrolling the East New York neighborhood and responding to crime scenes and investigations that take place in the neighborhood.[94]
Notable residents
- AZ (born 1972), rapper[95]
- Lloyd Blankfein (born 1954), investment banker who served as the CEO and chairman of Goldman Sachs from 2006 to 2018[96]
- Steve Buscemi (born 1957), actor and filmmaker[97]
- Lou Fine (1914–1971), comic book artist
- Sylvia Fine (1913–1991), lyricist, composer, and producer, and the wife of the comedian Danny Kaye.[98]
- Martin Goldstein (c. 1905–1941), member of a gang of hitmen, known as Murder, Inc.
- John Gotti (1940–2002), mob boss[99]
- Henry Hill (1943–2012), mobster[100]
- Danny Kaye (1911–1987), actor, comedian, singer and dancer.[98][101]
- Joe Kubert (1926–2012), Polish-born American comic book artist, art teacher and founder of The Kubert School[102]
- Jeru the Damaja (born 1972), rapper
- Clara Lemlich (1886–1982), leader of the Uprising of 20,000, and the massive strike of shirtwaist workers in New York's garment industry in 1909.[103]
- Yaakov Litzman (born 1948), Israeli politician and government minister[104]
- Masta Killa (born 1969), rapper[105]
- Uncle Murda (born 1980), rapper[106]
- Nelson Peltz (born 1942), billionaire businessman and investor[107]
- Darren Robinson (1967–1995), founding member of The Fat Boys and pioneer of beatboxing[108]
- Angelo Ruggiero (1940–1989), member of the Gambino crime family
- Binyumen Schaechter (born 1963), composer, arranger, conductor, musical director and performer
- Willa Schneberg (born 1952), poet
- Gary Schwartz (born 1940), art historian[109]
- Allie Sherman (1923–2015), National Football League player and head coach[110]
- Jerry Stiller (1927–2020), comedian and actor[111]
- Country Yossi (born 1949), Orthodox Jewish composer, singer, radio show host, author and magazine publisher[112]
See also
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- ^ Wallis, David (August 11, 2015). "Mr. Think: Steve Buscemi on Self-Acceptance, Sibling Rivalry and His Heady Talk Show". Observer. Archived from the original on August 12, 2015. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
- ^ Newspapers.com. "Although Danny and Sylvia were born and grew up just a few blocks from each other in the East New York section of Brooklyn, they didn't meet each other until both were reaching for a handhold in show business."
- ^ Cutler, Jacqueline. "Gotti and his goons, how the man became a myth and a legend", New York Daily News, August 4, 2019. Accessed March 26, 2020. "Gotti’s beginnings were humble. Born in the Bronx in 1940, he grew up in East New York, the whole family of 15 crowded into one apartment."
- ^ Dodero, Camille. "Henry Hill, Goodfellas Gangster, on Art, the Witness Protection Program, and His Adult Circumcision", The Village Voice, June 13, 2012. Accessed March 26, 2020. "Henry Hill was best known by Ray Liotta’s face. An East New York native famously mentored by the Lucchese crime family, Hill was the Lufthansa-heisting mobster whose 1986 memoir, the Nicholas-Pileggi-shaped Wiseguy, served as the inspiration for Martin Scorsese’s modern classic Goodfellas."
- ^ Danny Kaye, Museum of the City of New York. Accessed July 27, 2022. "Photographs of Danny Kaye in East New York, Brooklyn, where he grew up."
- ^ Fox, Margalit. "Joe Kubert Dies at 85; Influential Comic-Book Artist", The New York Times, August 13, 2012. Accessed March 26, 2020. "Joseph Kubert was born on Sept. 18, 1926, in the shtetl of Yzeran (also known as Jezierzany), then in Poland and now in Ukraine. He came to the United States with his family as an infant and grew up in the East New York section of Brooklyn, where his father was a kosher butcher."
- ^ Moore, Judy. "Opinion — A garment worker’s fight for fairness", The Charlotte Gazette, January 28, 2022. Accessed July 27, 2022. "Lemlich found time for a personal life marrying Joe Shavelson in 1913 bearing him three children Irving, Martha and Rita. The family relocated to East New York and later Brighton Beach and Lemlich continued her activist work."
- ^ Yaakov Litzman (1948-), Jewish Virtual Library. Accessed March 26, 2020. "Litzman was born in 1948 to Polish survivors of the Holocaust, in a displaced persons camp in Germany. When he was two years old, the family immigrated to the East New York section of Brooklyn, & then to the Borough Park section of Brooklyn, where he grew up."
- ^ Brown, Preezy. "10 Things We Learned From Showtime's 'Wu-Tang Clan: Of Mics And Men'", Vibe, July 4, 2019. Accessed March 26, 2020. "Of all of the Wu-Tang Clan members, the most mysterious is Masta Killa, one of the last artists to join the Wu family. A native of Brooklyn's East New York section, Masta Killa's love for music can be traced back to his youth, where his father introduced him to R&B."
- ^ Wallace, Riley. "Uncle Murda Wants His Kids To Listen To Kendrick Lamar & J. Cole Over His Own Music", HipHopDX, December 13, 2017. "After a mounting buzz from a handful of high-profile singles and a new contract with 50 Cent's G-Unit Records to celebrate the end of 2016, East New York rapper Uncle Murda dropped his new mixtape, Don't Come Outside Vol. 1 last month."
- ^ Agnew, Harriet; and Fontanella-Khan, James. "Nelson Peltz: the activist investor hot on Unilever's heels",Financial Times, January 28, 2022. Accessed July 27, 2022. "'He always prefers to win you over through his enthusiasm and optimism,' says one friend. 'But as any true East New York kid, he won't shy from a fight if it is the only way forward.'"
- ^ Allah, Sha Be. "TODAY IN HIP-HOP HISTORY: THE FAT BOYS’ HUMAN BEAT BOX DIED 25 YEARS AGO", The Source, December 10, 2020. Accessed July 8, 2023. "Born Darren Robinson, but known affectionately as “Buffy” in his native East New York neighborhood, the Human Beat Box rose to fame in the early 80s performing with the Disco 3, who became known as the Fat Boys."
- ^ "Schwartz, Gary". February 21, 2018.
- Newspapers.com. "Born: Feb. 10, 1923, In East New York section of Brooklyn, where he Is raised."
- ^ Schleier, Curt. "Jerry Stiller was a mensch. He could act with the best of them, too", The Times of Israel, May 12, 2020. Accessed July 9, 2023. "It started on Jerome Street in the largely poor East New York section of Brooklyn — the first of a series of brief stops on the road to adulthood."
- ^ Besser, Yisroel. "Where Country And Soul Music Merge", Mishpacha, April 14, 2010. Accessed July 27, 2022. "Despite his frequent appearances in print, radio, and music albums, there’s a lot that people don’t know about Country Yossi. In a candid conversation, the popular entertainer divulges how a kid from East New York became known as 'Country Yossi,' shares his memories of Rav Shlomo Freifeld, describes his original unintended foray into children’s entertainment, and reveals the secret behind the skyrocketing popularity of his radio show ('give away free prizes!')."