Eddy Creek (Lackawanna River tributary)
Eddy Creek | |
---|---|
Physical characteristics | |
Source | |
• location | near Pennsylvania Route 247 in Olyphant, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania |
• elevation | between 1,720 and 1,740 feet (520 and 530 m) |
Mouth | |
• location | Lackawanna River in Olyphant, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania |
• coordinates | 41°27′49″N 75°36′38″W / 41.46352°N 75.61043°W |
• elevation | 758 ft (231 m) |
Length | 5.7 mi (9.2 km) |
Basin size | 7.53 sq mi (19.5 km2) |
Basin features | |
Progression | Lackawanna River → Susquehanna River → Chesapeake Bay |
Eddy Creek is a
A bridge carrying Pennsylvania Route 347 across Eddy Creek was built in the 20th century. More recently, a restoration of 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of the creek has been planned. The creek is designated as a Warmwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. A greenway/connecting trail in the vicinity of the creek was proposed in the early 2000s in the Lackawanna River Watershed Conservation Plan.
Course
Eddy Creek begins near
Eddy Creek joins the Lackawanna River 16.84 miles (27.10 km) upriver of its mouth.[2]
Tributaries
Eddy Creek has no named tributaries.[1] However, a 1916 book stated that several small streams discharged into the creek in its upper reaches. At the time, these streams had clear water, but were dry in the summer.[3]
Hydrology
Eddy Creek experiences total flow loss.
Eddy Creek used to have flow, but has turned into a "leaky slow trickle" that carries
The
In the early 1900s, Eddy Creek lacked
Geography, geology, and climate
The elevation near the mouth of Eddy Creek is 758 feet (231 m) above sea level.[8] The elevation of the creek's source is between 1,720 and 1,740 feet (520 and 530 m) above sea level.[1]
At one point, Eddy Creek flows through a restored
The streambed of Eddy Creek is dry in some reaches. Its banks are steep and contain riprap and concrete headwalls. A total of 20 percent of the land in the creek's vicinity is on impervious surfaces. The creek flows through one pipe. Its size is 84 inches (210 cm).[9]
The headwaters of Eddy Creek are in springs and wetlands in the vicinity of Marshwood, near the edge of Moosic Mountain.[4]
In early October 2013, the temperature in the vicinity of Eddy Creek was found to be 68 °F (20 °C).[9] The water temperature of the creek was found to be 23.42 °C (74.16 °F) in a 2013 study.[7]
Watershed
The watershed of Eddy Creek has an area of 7.53 square miles (19.5 km2).[2] The creek is entirely within the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Olyphant.[8]
A waterfall or morphologic site known as the Marshwood Slides is in the watershed of Eddy Creek. Wetlands in the watershed include the Dunmore Swamps and Marshwood. The Marshwood Reservoir is located in the upper reaches of both the Eddy Creek watershed and the Little Roaring Brook watershed. Eddy Creek flows through forested land in a reach downstream of US Route 6.[4] Other land uses include industrial land and open space.[9]
Neighborhoods in the vicinity of Eddy Creek include the Keystone Industrial Park, the Keystone Sanitary Landfill, and LaCapra Stone & Supply. It is estimated that there is one stormwater detention facility in the watershed.[9] According to a 1992 report, development in an area near the creek would have little adverse impact on the creek.[11]
In a visual assessment of six tributaries of the Lackawanna River in 2013, Eddy Creek received the lowest visual assessment score, 100 on a scale from 0 to 200.[7] This was within the "marginal" range of 56 to 105. The creek received the lowest score in seven categories: instream cover, epifaunal substrate, embeddedness, velocity/depth regimes, sediment deposits, riffle frequency, and channel flow status.[7]
Eddy Creek is a second-order, mid-sized stream.[4]
History
Eddy Creek was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1198695.[8]
Historically, two breakers known as the Eddy Creek Shaft and the No. 2 Shaft were situated on the banks of Eddy Creek. In the late 1800s, a
A concrete culvert bridge carrying
As of the early 2000s, the
Biology
The drainage basin of Eddy Creek is a Warmwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery.[15]
Some areas of the
Eddy Creek was described as a "low-quality aquatic resource" in a 1992 report.[11]
Recreation
In the early 2000s, the Lackawanna River Watershed Conservation Plan recommended the creation of a greenway/connecting trail along Eddy Creek. Such a trail could link the campus of the Mid Valley School District to the Lackawanna River Heritage Trail at the mouth of the creek.[4]
See also
- Price Creek (Pennsylvania), next tributary of the Lackawanna River going downriver
- Hull Creek (Lackawanna River), next tributary of the Lackawanna River going upriver
- List of rivers of Pennsylvania
- List of tributaries of the Lackawanna River
References
- ^ a b c d United States Geological Survey, The National Map Viewer, archived from the original on March 29, 2012, retrieved April 29, 2015
- ^ a b Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams (PDF), November 2, 2001, p. 60, retrieved April 29, 2015
- ^ a b c Pennsylvania Water Supply Commission (1916), Water Resources Inventory Report ...: Act of July 25, 1913, Part 10, pp. 28, 69
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Lackawanna River Corridor Association (2001), Lackawanna River Watershed Conservation Plan (PDF), pp. 13, 62, 65–66, 129, 195–196, 289, 300–302, archived from the original (PDF) on September 23, 2015, retrieved April 30, 2015
- ^ 2006 Waterbody Report for Eddy Creek, United States Environmental Protection Agency, archived from the original on January 18, 2017, retrieved April 29, 2015
- ^ The Times Tribune, Scranton, Pennsylvania, retrieved May 1, 2015
- ^ a b c d e Cheryl Nolan (June 25, 2014), 2013 Coldwater Heritage Partnership Grant Lackawanna River Tributaries Study/Plan (PDF), pp. 4, 7, 11, retrieved May 1, 2015
- ^ a b c Geographic Names Information System, Feature Detail Report for: Eddy Creek, retrieved April 29, 2015
- ^ a b c d e Stormwater management (MS4 & CSO) system review: a Phase One assessment and recommendation report for efficient management & sustainable infrastructure (PDF), City of Scranton and Scranton Sewer Authority, October 31, 2013, p. 241, archived from the original (PDF) on December 20, 2013, retrieved May 1, 2015
- JSTOR 983217
- ^ a b Lackawanna Valley Industrial Highway Project: Environmental Impact Statement, United States Federal Highway Administration, 1992, p. 35
- ^ "As A Last Resort" (PDF), The New York Times, October 6, 1889, retrieved May 1, 2015
- ^ "Lackawanna County", uglybridges.com, retrieved April 29, 2015
- ^ "General Permit Type–PAG-13", Pennsylvania Bulletin, retrieved May 1, 2015
- ^ "§ 93.9j. Drainage List J. Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania Lackawanna River", Pennsylvania Code, retrieved April 29, 2015