Eduard von Toll
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Naturalist | |
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Known for | Exploring the New Siberian Islands and leading the Russian polar expedition of 1900–1902 of the Sannikov Land |
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Eduard Gustav Freiherr[1] von Toll (Russian: Эдуа́рд Васи́льевич Толль, romanized: Eduárd Vasíl'evič Toll'; 14 March [O.S. 2 March] 1858 – 1902), better known in Russia as Eduard Vasilyevich Toll and often referred to as Baron von Toll, was a Russian geologist and Arctic explorer. He is most notable for leading the Russian polar expedition of 1900–1902 in search of the legendary Sannikov Land, a phantom island purported to lie off Russia's Arctic coast. During the expedition, Toll and a small party of explorers disappeared from Bennett Island, and their fate remains unknown to this day.[2]
Early life
Eduard von Toll was born on 14 March [
Toll graduated from the
Expeditions and surveys
In 1885–1886 Toll took part in an expedition to the
Eduard Toll was among the first to report in detail about the abundance of Pleistocene fossils found within
In 1893 Toll led an expedition of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences to the northern parts of
In 1899 Toll took part in a voyage of the
Toll's last venture: the Russian Polar Expedition, 1900-1903
In 1900–1902, Eduard Toll headed an expedition of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences to the New Siberian Islands, the
Due to severe ice conditions the expedition had to spend two winters in the region of the bleak New Siberian Archipelago. In the end, Eduard von Toll traveled to Bennett Island by sledge and kayak along with three expedition members.
The ship Zarya attempted to reach Bennett Island to evacuate Toll's party but was unable to do so because of severe ice conditions. Apparently, Toll made a decision to go south to the continent; no further traces of the four men have ever been found.
Two search parties set out in the spring of 1903. One of them, under engineer
Legacy
The name of Eduard von Toll remained on the geographical maps
In certain fields, like paleontology, zoology and botany many specimens of fauna and flora are named after Baron Eduard von Toll, like for example the
Baron Toll was an expert in Siberian palaeontology. The following statement of Russian Academician V. A. Obruchev is well-known: "In all our guides on physical geography you can encounter the name of Eduard v. Toll as the founder of the doctrine of fossilized ice formation' – the doctrine which became a classic one".
The Arctic icebreaking LNG tanker MV Eduard Toll is named after him.[7]
See also
Notes and references
- ^ Regarding personal names: Freiherr is a former title (translated as Baron). In Germany since 1919, it forms part of family names. The feminine forms are Freifrau and Freiin.
- ^ "Exploration Mysteries: Eduard Von Toll » Explorersweb". Explorersweb. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ISBN 978-5-02-035739-6, Ч.1, С. 231
- ^ von Toll, Baron E., 1895, Wissenschaftliche Resultate der Von der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften sur Erforschung des Janalandes und der Neusibirischen Inseln in den Jahren 1885 und 1886 Ausgesandten expedition. [Scientific Results of the Imperial Academy of Sciences of the Investigation of Janaland and the New Siberian Islands from the Expeditions Launched in 1885 and 1886] Abtheilung III: Die fossilen Eislager und ihre Beziehungen su den Mammuthleichen. Memoires de L'Academie imperials des Sciences de St. Petersbouro, VII Serie, Tome XLII, No. 13, Commissionnaires de I'Academie Imperiale des sciences, St. Peterabourg, Russia.
- ^ a b c "The Treasure of Eduard Toll - Eduard von Toll". www.shparo.com. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ISBN 978-0-543-98710-5. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
- ^ "Vessel details for: EDUARD TOLL (LNG Tanker) - IMO 9750696, MMSI 311000548, Call Sign C6CR2 Registered in Bahamas | AIS Marine Traffic". MarineTraffic.com. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
Sources
- William Barr, (1980) "Baron Eduard von Toll’s Last Expedition: The Russian Polar Expedition, 1900-1903 Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine", Arctic, 34 (3: September), p. 201-224
- A. Bunge & E. von Toll, The Expedition to the New Siberian Islands and the Jana country, equipped by the Imperial Academy of Sciences, 1887