Edward the Exile

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Edward the Exile
Edward the Exile depicted on a medieval genealogical scroll.
Born1016
Died19 April 1057 (aged 40–41)
England
SpouseAgatha
Issue
Ealdgyth

Edward the Exile (1016 – 19 April 1057), also called Edward Ætheling, was the son of King

Ealdgyth. He spent most of his life in exile in the Kingdom of Hungary following the defeat of his father by Cnut
.

Exile

After the

Danish conquest of England in 1016, Canute had Edward, said to be only a few months old, and his brother Edmund, sent to the Swedish court of Olof Skötkonung[1][2] (who was either Canute's half-brother or his stepbrother), supposedly with instructions to have the children murdered. However, Olof was an old ally of Æthelred the Unready, the princes' grandfather, and he declined to kill them. From this point their fate is subject to speculation. Some reconstructions have them being sent by Olaf to the Hungarian royal court of King Stephen I, while others have the Kyivan court of Yaroslav the Wise as their next destination, being sent not by Olaf but by one of his sons after Canute conquered Norway and Sweden in 1028.[3] Whether going there directly or indirectly they are thought to have been joined in the Kievan principality in the 1030s by another exiled prince, Andrew of Hungary.[4][3] Prince Andrew returned to Hungary in 1046 to retake the throne;[5] Edward and Edmund are likely to have accompanied him and fought with his army[6] and it is possible that they were present at his coronation.[3] A Hungarian estate with Réka Castle
in the middle is called "Terra Britanorum de Nadasd", and local tradition attributes this name to a grant made by King Stephen of Hungary to the English Edward, which if true would place him in Hungary before Stephen's death in 1038.

Return

On hearing that Edward was alive,

William, Duke of Normandy also had an eye on the succession. Edward the Exile appeared at just the right time. Approved both by the king and by the Witan, the Council of the Realm, he offered a way out of the impasse, a counter both to the Godwinsons
and to William, and one with a legitimacy that could not be readily challenged.

In 1054 King Edward sent Ealdred, Bishop of Worcester, to the court of the German emperor to set in train negotiations with the king of Hungary for the return of Edward the Exile. Ealdred was not at first successful, and in 1056 Earl Harold Godwinson's journey to Flanders, and possibly on to Germany and Hungary, was probably undertaken to further negotiations. The Exile finally arrived in England in 1057 with his wife and children, but died within a few days, on 19 April, without meeting the King. He was buried in Old St Paul's Cathedral.[7]

Family

Edward's wife was named

Agatha; her origins are disputed.[8]
Their children were:

Edward's grandchild

English monarchy
.

Ancestors

Edward the Exile was a direct descendant of a line of

English monarchs family tree.[9]

Ancestors of Edward the Exile
16.
Ealdgyth

See also

  • House of Wessex family tree

References

  1. ^ Onslow, Earl of, The Dukes of Normandy and Their Origin, London, 1945, p.161.
  2. ^ Anderson, Alan O.,Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers, 500 to 1286, London, 1908. p.94n.
  3. ^ a b c von Redlich 1940, p. 107.
  4. ^ Kristó & Makk 1996, p. 69.
  5. ISBN 1-86064-061-3
    .
  6. ^ Barrow 2003, p. 35.
  7. ^ Keynes, Simon (May 1985). "The Crowland Psalter and the Sons of King Edmund Ironside". Bodleian Library Record. 11 (6): 363–364, 369, n. 31.
  8. ^ Lauder-Frost, Gregory M.S., FSA Scot.,"Agatha - The Ancestry Dispute" in The Scottish Genealogist, Edinburgh, Sept 2002, vol.xlix no.3, p.71-2.
  9. ^ Starkey, David (2004). The Monarchy of England: The Beginnings. Chatto and Windus. p. 88.

Sources

Further reading

External links
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