Egardus

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Egardus (fl. 1400; also Engardus or Johannes Echgaerd) was a European

Glorias
—appear to be less complex than music by mid-century composers, possibly because they date from either very early or very late in Egardus' career.

Biography

St Donatian's Cathedral in Bruges as it appeared about 270 years after Johannes Ecghaerd was appointed succentor
in 1370

Little is known with certainty about his life. The enigma of his biography stems from a difficulty in knowing whether he was

Northern Italian manuscripts, and that exception, a Polish manuscript, has strong Italian connections.[1] The most important biographical research on the composer was conducted by Reinhard Strohm, who notes that it was more common for Northern works (and composers) to travel to Italy than the opposite.[2]

Strohm identifies a "Magister Johannes Ecghaerd" appointed as

papal court of Bologna c.1410.[6] However, Pirrotta's evidence was based on the position of Egardus's works within the manuscript Mod A—a connection between manuscript and court now considered more tenuous,[7] and not from the lists of singers in the Italian papal chapels: lists from which Egardus is absent.[8]

Works

Only three works by Egardus survive. A canon, Furnos reliquisti quare; Equum est et salutare is found in a single source, Mod A (Modena, Biblioteca Estense e Universitaria alpha.M.5.24). His other two works have a somewhat wider distribution. The

Cividale A).[9] In the Warsaw source, the work is labeled "Opus Egardi." In Mod A, "Egardus" is used. In no other source of this work is there an attribution. Strohm notes that Egardus's music is less complex than other mid-century composers, but this lack of complexity can either be attributed to an early date for its composition, contemporaneous with Philippe de Vitry, or a far later date, just prior to Johannes Ciconia
).

Editions of music

Additional editions are listed in the critical notes of the Polyphonic Music of the Fourteenth Century editions:

Notes

  1. ^ Cuthbert, pp. 170–71.
  2. ^ a b Strohm, p. 43
  3. ^ Strohm, pp. 44–45.
  4. ^ Acta Capitularia Sint-Donaas, Bisschoppelijk Archief Brugge, Reeks A no. 48: 26.3.1371; 21.5.1371; 22.5.1387; A no. 49 (1394-) f. 1r; cited in Strohm, p. 45
  5. ^ Strohm, p. 44
  6. ^ Pirrotta, Nino, p. 43.
  7. ^ Stone, Anne.
  8. ^ Di Bacco and Nádas, foldout 1.
  9. ^ Cuthbert, p. 253. N.B. the source list in Nosow contains several errors in addition to the omission of the source in Udine discovered later.

References

  • Cuthbert, Michael Scott. "Trecento Fragments and Polyphony Beyond the Codex" (PhD Dissertation: Harvard University, 2006), chapter 2.Text
  • Di Bacco, Giuliano and John Nádas, "Zacara e i suoi colleghi italiani nella cappella papale," in Antonio Zacara da Teramo e il suo tempo, edited by Francesco Zimei (Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana (LIM), 2004), p. 33–54.
  • Nosow, Robert. "Egardus" in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition (2001) and in Grove Music Online [1] Archived 16 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 15 April 2007.
  • Pirrotta, Nino. "Il codice estense lat. 568 e la musica francese in Italia al principio del '400, Atti della Reale Accademia di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti di Palermo ser. IV, vol. V, pt. 2 (1944–45).
  • Schmid, Bernhold. "Zur Rekonstruktion einer Gloria-Motette von Engardus in den Paduaner Fragmenten," Die Musikforschung 38 (1985), p. 195–201.
  • Stone, Anne, The Manuscript Modena, Biblioteca Estense a.M.5.24 (ModA): Commentary (Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana (LIM), 2005).
  • Strohm, Reinhard. "Magister Egardus and other Italo-Flemish contacts," in L'Ars nova italiana del Trecento 6 (Certaldo: Centro di Studio L'ars nova italiana, 1992), pp. 41–68.
  • Fischer, Kurt von. "Egardus (Engardus)," The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1980), VI, p. 42.

External links

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