Eisenstadt

Coordinates: 47°51′N 16°31′E / 47.850°N 16.517°E / 47.850; 16.517
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Eisenstadt
Clockwise from top: aerial view of the city, state government building, Schloss Esterházy, calvary with Bergkirche
Postal code
7000
Area code02682
Vehicle registrationE
Budget€42.256 million (2021)[3]
Expenditure€42.255 million (2021)[4]
Websitewww.eisenstadt.gv.at

Eisenstadt (German pronunciation:

Austrian state of Burgenland. With a population of 15,074 (as of 2023), it is the smallest state capital and the 38th-largest city in Austria overall. It lies at the foot of the Leitha Mountains
hill range.

From 1648 to 1921, Kismarton/Eisenstadt was part of the

Eszterházy. During this time, the composer Joseph Haydn lived and worked in Eisenstadt as a court musician under the patronage of the Esterházy family. After the cessation of Burgenland to Austria in 1921, the city became the province's capital in 1925. As the state capital of Burgenland, it functions as a center of public administration and services[5][6]
and is the seat of three institutes of higher education.

Geography

Eisenstadt lies on a plain leading down to the river Wulka, at the southern foot of the Leitha Mountains, about 12 kilometres (7 miles) from the Hungarian border.

Subdivisions

Eisenstadt is divided into three districts (Ortsteile):

  • Eisenstadt-Stadt (Eisenstadt proper)
  • Kleinhöflein im Burgenland (Hungarian: Kishöflány; Croatian: Mala Holovajna) – a town that lies to the west of Eisenstadt proper
  • St. Georgen am Leithagebirge (Lajtaszentgyörgy; Svetojurje) – a town that lies to the east of Eisenstadt proper

Furthermore, Eisenstadt is divided into five

Katastralgemeinden
:

  • Eisenstadt-Stadt
  • Oberberg, or Oberberg-Eisenstadt (Hungarian: Felsőkismartonhegy; Croatian: Željezno Brig) – the northern area of Eisenstadt starting beyond the Jewish quarter
  • Unterberg, or Unterberg-Eisenstadt (Alsókismartonhegy; Željezno Donji Brig) – the southern area of Eisenstadt starting beyond the Kalvarienbergplatz & the Ruster Straße and including the Jewish quarter
  • Kleinhöflein im Burgenland
  • St. Georgen am Leithagebirge

Other informal areas of the city include Wiesäcker and Lobäcker, which lie south of the Eisbach, a tributary of the Wulka. The city is surrounded by the

Eisenstadt-Umgebung
.

The city previously included the districts (Ortsteile) of Eisenstadt-Stadt, Eisenstadt-Oberberg, Eisenstadt-Unterberg, and Eisenstadt-Schloßgrund (Kismartonváralja).

Nearby municipalities

Climate

Climate data for Eisenstadt (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 20.5
(68.9)
21.1
(70.0)
24.1
(75.4)
27.2
(81.0)
33.2
(91.8)
36.1
(97.0)
38.7
(101.7)
38.4
(101.1)
33.7
(92.7)
28.0
(82.4)
21.9
(71.4)
19.8
(67.6)
38.7
(101.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 3.1
(37.6)
5.3
(41.5)
10.4
(50.7)
16.1
(61.0)
21.1
(70.0)
24.0
(75.2)
26.7
(80.1)
26.1
(79.0)
20.9
(69.6)
15.0
(59.0)
8.3
(46.9)
3.5
(38.3)
15.0
(59.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.1
(31.8)
1.3
(34.3)
5.5
(41.9)
10.7
(51.3)
15.7
(60.3)
18.8
(65.8)
21.0
(69.8)
20.2
(68.4)
15.5
(59.9)
10.2
(50.4)
4.9
(40.8)
0.8
(33.4)
10.4
(50.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −2.8
(27.0)
−1.7
(28.9)
1.8
(35.2)
6.0
(42.8)
10.5
(50.9)
13.7
(56.7)
15.7
(60.3)
15.5
(59.9)
11.5
(52.7)
6.9
(44.4)
2.3
(36.1)
−1.6
(29.1)
6.5
(43.7)
Record low °C (°F) −21.6
(−6.9)
−19.8
(−3.6)
−19.2
(−2.6)
−2.8
(27.0)
1.2
(34.2)
3.7
(38.7)
6.9
(44.4)
6.8
(44.2)
2.1
(35.8)
−5.9
(21.4)
−12.3
(9.9)
−17.8
(0.0)
−21.6
(−6.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 38
(1.5)
34
(1.3)
59
(2.3)
52
(2.0)
77
(3.0)
90
(3.5)
77
(3.0)
91
(3.6)
78
(3.1)
53
(2.1)
57
(2.2)
51
(2.0)
758
(29.8)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 13
(5.1)
10
(3.9)
6
(2.4)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
5
(2.0)
12
(4.7)
46
(18)
Average
relative humidity
(%) (at 14:00)
70.5 62.6 56.5 50.4 52.9 53.5 50.2 51.4 56.0 62.3 70.6 74.7 59.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 73 107 145 204 246 245 272 254 188 139 72 53 1,999
Percent possible sunshine 27.7 38.3 41.0 51.8 55.2 54.4 59.7 60.1 51.8 42.7 26.6 21.1 44.2
Source:
Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics[7][8][9][10][11]
Climate data for Eisenstadt (1971–2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.8
(65.8)
19.7
(67.5)
27.4
(81.3)
27.2
(81.0)
30.8
(87.4)
36.1
(97.0)
36.4
(97.5)
37.0
(98.6)
33.7
(92.7)
26.4
(79.5)
21.9
(71.4)
19.8
(67.6)
37.0
(98.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2.8
(37.0)
5.3
(41.5)
10.4
(50.7)
15.3
(59.5)
20.6
(69.1)
23.4
(74.1)
25.9
(78.6)
25.7
(78.3)
20.9
(69.6)
14.8
(58.6)
7.7
(45.9)
4.0
(39.2)
14.7
(58.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3)
1.3
(34.3)
5.5
(41.9)
9.9
(49.8)
15.1
(59.2)
18.1
(64.6)
20.2
(68.4)
19.8
(67.6)
15.3
(59.5)
9.8
(49.6)
4.3
(39.7)
1.1
(34.0)
10.0
(50.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −2.9
(26.8)
−1.6
(29.1)
1.9
(35.4)
5.5
(41.9)
10.1
(50.2)
13.2
(55.8)
15.2
(59.4)
15.1
(59.2)
11.4
(52.5)
6.5
(43.7)
1.7
(35.1)
−1.2
(29.8)
6.2
(43.2)
Record low °C (°F) −21.6
(−6.9)
−19.8
(−3.6)
−19.2
(−2.6)
−4.0
(24.8)
−1.6
(29.1)
3.7
(38.7)
6.2
(43.2)
3.8
(38.8)
2.1
(35.8)
−5.3
(22.5)
−12.3
(9.9)
−17.8
(0.0)
−21.6
(−6.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 33.7
(1.33)
29.7
(1.17)
45.1
(1.78)
51.9
(2.04)
62.6
(2.46)
71.2
(2.80)
66.7
(2.63)
59.8
(2.35)
58.8
(2.31)
43.7
(1.72)
53.6
(2.11)
41.2
(1.62)
618.0
(24.33)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 12.0
(4.7)
8.8
(3.5)
6.4
(2.5)
0.8
(0.3)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
5.0
(2.0)
14.1
(5.6)
47.1
(18.5)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 6.1 5.9 8.1 7.7 8.5 9.3 8.5 8.2 7.0 5.9 7.8 6.9 89.9
Average
relative humidity
(%) (at 14:00)
72.8 65.1 57.0 51.7 52.8 53.4 50.7 51.1 56.2 61.8 71.2 74.5 59.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours 68.9 105.8 136.1 188.0 237.1 232.5 252.3 244.0 176.2 136.3 70.4 50.1 1,897.7
Percent possible sunshine 26.2 37.9 38.6 47.7 53.5 52.1 55.8 57.8 48.4 41.8 25.9 20.3 42.2
Source:
Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics[12]

Names and etymology

Kleinhöflein im Burgenland at the foot of the Leitha Mountains

The city's name means "Iron City" and was first recorded in 1118 as Castrum ferrum, referring to the history of iron mining and iron trade in the area. The first written mention of the town is from 1264 as "minor Mortin", matching the Hungarian name, Kismarton, which recalls Martin of Tours, the patron saint of the main church.

History

Archeological finds prove that the Eisenstadt area was already settled in the

Bavarii began. The territory became part of the Kingdom of Hungary
in the 11th century.

The fortress built on the original earth works was destroyed by the troops of Margrave

Emperor Sigismund
.

From 1440 Archduke

Habsburg rule until 1622; however, the Ottoman Empire briefly conquered Kismarton in 1529 and 1532 during their advances on the city of Vienna (see Ottoman wars in Europe
). It was destroyed by fire in 1589.

In 1648, it passed under the rule of the

Habsburgs
in 1704. It was again destroyed by fire in 1776.

The appointment of Joseph Haydn as the prince's Hofkapellmeister (court orchestra director, composing and performing music) began the great artistic period in the city's history. In 1809, Eisenstadt was occupied by French troops during the Napoleonic Wars; in 1897, it was joined to the railway network.

Until the end of

Vienna Offensive, and the city remained under Soviet occupation until 1955. In 1960, it became the see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eisenstadt
.

Politics

The current mayor of Eisenstadt is Thomas Steiner (ÖVP).

The district council is composed as follows (as of 2022):

The total annual city budget of Eisenstadt in 2021 is €42.256.600 with total expenditure of €42.255.800.[13]

Main sights

Secular buildings

Gloriette

Religious buildings and districts

Eisenstadt Cathedral
City Hall

Museums

Education

Eisenstadt is the seat of the university of applied sciences FH Burgenland,[15] the college of education PH Burgenland,[16] and the music school Joseph-Haydn-Privathochschule Burgenland.[17]

Culture

Eisenstadt formerly hosted a Joseph Haydn festival, the Haydn Festspiele, a viniculture festival, the Fest der 1000 Weine, and a tournament of the World Athletics Continental Tour, the Austrian Open.

Twin towns — sister cities

Eisenstadt is

twinned
with:

Notable people

Natives

Paul I in 1655
Joseph Weigl in 1829

Other residents

Joseph Haydn in 1791
Robert Musil around 1900

As a surname

Eisenstadt (also Ajzenstat, Eisenstaedter, Asch, etc.), a Jewish surname, derives from this city.[18] Some people with this surname or its variants include:

References

  1. ^ "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  3. ^ "Eisenstadt Ergebnishaushalt". www.offenerhaushalt.at (in German). 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  4. ^ "Eisenstadt Ergebnishaushalt". www.offenerhaushalt.at (in German). 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  5. ^ "Eisenstadt | Baroque Architecture, Burgenland & Music | Britannica".
  6. ^ "Burgenland | Austria's Easternmost State & its History | Britannica".
  7. ^ "Klimamittel 1981–2010: Lufttemperatur" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  8. ^ "Klimamittel 1981–2010: Niederschlag" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  9. ^ "Klimamittel 1981–2010: Schnee" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  10. ^ "Klimamittel 1981–2010: Luftfeuchtigkeit" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  11. ^ "Klimamittel 1981–2010: Strahlung" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  12. ^ "Klimadaten von Österreich 1971–2000 – Burgenland-Eisenstadt" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  13. ^ "Eisenstadt Ergebnishaushalt". www.offenerhaushalt.at (in German). 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  14. ^ Filckr photos: Flickr, Flickr
  15. ^ FH Burgenland website
  16. ^ PH Burgenland
  17. ^ "Joseph-Haydn-Privathochschule Burgenland". Archived from the original on 2023-08-01. Retrieved 2023-08-01.
  18. Jewish Encyclopedia
    . 1906.

External links