Elaiussa Sebaste

Coordinates: 36°29′01″N 34°10′25″E / 36.483624°N 34.173725°E / 36.483624; 34.173725
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Elaiussa Sebaste
Ελαιούσα Σεβαστή
Theatre in Elaiussa Sebaste
Elaiussa Sebaste is located in Turkey
Elaiussa Sebaste
Shown within Turkey
Alternative nameElaeousa Sebaste
LocationMersin Province, Turkey
RegionCilicia
Coordinates36°29′01″N 34°10′25″E / 36.483624°N 34.173725°E / 36.483624; 34.173725
TypeSettlement
History
Founded2nd century BCE
CulturesCappadocian, Roman, Byzantine
Site notes
ConditionIn ruins

Elaiussa Sebaste or Elaeousa Sebaste (Greek: Ελαιούσα Σεβαστή) was an ancient Roman town located 55 km (34 mi) from Mersin in the direction of Silifke in Cilicia on the southern coast of Anatolia (in the modern-day town of Ayaş, Erdemli District).

Elaiussa (Ελαιούσα), derives from the word elaion (ἔλαιον), meaning oil in Greek (Elaiussa had many olive trees).[1] It was founded in the 2nd century BC on a tiny island attached to the mainland by a narrow isthmus in the Mediterranean Sea.

Besides the cultivation of olives, the settlement here of the

Sassanian King Shapur I in 260 and later by the Isaurians. The ancient sources tell the history of city's existence and how the churches and basilicas survived into the late Roman and early Byzantine periods. When its neighbor Corycus
began to flourish in the 6th century AD, Elaiussa Sebaste was slowly obliterated from the stage of history.

The island that was the site of the first settlement here, where excavations have been underway since 1995 headed by

archeologist Eugenia Equini Schneider, is almost completely buried under sand. The original settlement, at a location that provided security for the harbors on either side, is a peninsula today. The ruins of a bath, a cistern
, a defense wall and a breakwater can be seen on the side overlooking the western bay of the peninsula. But the most important remains unearthed in the city are a bath whose floor is paved with mosaics and a small basilica on a circular base.

On the opposite side of the highway

Corinthian columns
of this temple, which had twelve on the long and six on the short side originally, are standing today. A large bath complex among the lemon groves between the temple and the agora was built by a technique characteristic of the ancient Roman period and little used in Anatolia.

The ruins of Elaiussa Sebaste also harbor the richest and most impressive necropolis among the cities of ancient Cilicia. The "Avenue of Graves", located on a hill to the north of the city, preserves close to a hundred graves of various shapes and sizes scattered among the lemon trees. The aesthetic forms of these monumental graves of Cilicia Tracheia are remarkable.

The ancient aqueducts that carried water to the ruins from the Lamos ("Lemon") river also adorn the city's two entrances. The aqueduct to the west of the city in particular is in relatively good condition. Centuries ago these aqueducts formed a canal system that ran all the way to Corycus.

A lidded sarcophagus lies on a small rise exactly opposite the aqueduct. Known as "the Grave of the Princess", this sarcophagus is a prime example of the Anatolian tomb tradition.

Gallery

  • Temple
    Temple
  • Necropolis
    Necropolis
  • Agora
    Agora
  • Byzantine Palace
    Byzantine Palace
  • Harbour Bath
    Harbour Bath
  • Aqueduct
    Aqueduct

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elaiussa Sebaste.

References

  1. ISBN 978-9944483230
    .
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