Elbistan
Elbistan | |
---|---|
District and municipality | |
Coordinates: 38°12′05″N 37°11′18″E / 38.20139°N 37.18833°E | |
Country | Turkey |
Province | Kahramanmaraş |
Government | |
• Mayor | Erkan Gürbüz (CHP) |
Area | 2,201 km2 (850 sq mi) |
Elevation | 1,150 m (3,770 ft) |
Population (2022)[1] | 141,307 |
• Density | 64/km2 (170/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
Postal code | 46300 |
Area code | 0344 |
Website | www |
Elbistan (
Etymology
The name "Elbistan" was pronounced similarly in Byzantine and Islamic sources. Elbistan was known as Plasta and Plastentia (
History
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2022) |
The beginnings of Elbistan are to be found in the mid-10th century and seems to have been settled first by Armenian immigrants.[8] By the end of the 11th century, the town had become the most important one in the Elbistan plain, was fortified against Turkish raiders and was seat of an Armenian bishop.[8] When the army of the First Crusade passed through Anatolia recovering land for the Byzantine Empire in 1097, Peter Aliphas was installed as governor of Plastentia.[9]
In 1277 the
Elbistan became then known as "vilayet-i Türkmân" in the Ottoman documents.[12] Evliya Çelebi's Seyahatnâme from the 17th century gives information about the region that in the mountains and towns mostly reside Turkmens who originally migrated from Bukhara.[13][14] It seems that some local chiefdoms were given varying degrees of autonomy, notably around the localities of Haticepınar and Kasanlı.
Demographics
Climate
Elbistan has a fairly dry climate with cold winters and hot, dry summers. Elbistan's climate is classified as a dry-summer continental climate (Köppen: Dsa).[21]
Climate data for Elbistan (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.8 (53.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
22.9 (73.2) |
28.3 (82.9) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.9 (91.2) |
28.4 (83.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
12.6 (54.7) |
5.7 (42.3) |
18.7 (65.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.8 (28.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.0 (51.8) |
15.5 (59.9) |
20.3 (68.5) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
19.2 (66.6) |
13.0 (55.4) |
5.4 (41.7) |
0.6 (33.1) |
11.5 (52.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.0 (21.2) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−.2 (31.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
8.0 (46.4) |
11.4 (52.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
5.5 (41.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
4.5 (40.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 39.95 (1.57) |
37.72 (1.49) |
45.19 (1.78) |
51.44 (2.03) |
44.19 (1.74) |
18.38 (0.72) |
4.28 (0.17) |
2.42 (0.10) |
12.22 (0.48) |
46.89 (1.85) |
42.46 (1.67) |
39.86 (1.57) |
385.0 (15.16) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 3.5 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 59.9 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
73.7 | 69.3 | 62.2 | 58.2 | 58.0 | 52.8 | 47.7 | 48.2 | 50.7 | 61.6 | 69.2 | 74.4 | 60.5 |
Source: NOAA[22] |
Economy
The Elbistan coalfield supplies lignite to the nearby Afşin-Elbistan power stations in Afşin.
Environment
It is said that air pollution in Turkey from the nearby coal-fired power stations also affects Elbistan, as well as smoke from landfill.[23] In late 2020 the oldest plant Afşin-Elbistan A, was said by opposition MP Ali Öztunç to be still operating without filters.[24]
Composition
There are 92
- Ağlıca
- Akarca
- Akbayır
- Akören
- Aksakal
- Alembey
- Alkayaoğlu
- Armutalan
- Atmalıkaşanlı
- Bahçelievler
- Bakış
- Balıkçıl
- Battalgazi
- Beştepe
- Beyyurdu
- Büyükyapalak
- Çalış
- Çatova
- Ceyhan
- Çiçekköy
- Çıtlık
- Cumhuriyet
- Demircilik
- Dervişçimli
- Doğan
- Eldelek
- Elmalı
- Esentepe
- Evcihüyük
- Fakıoğlu
- Geçit
- Gökçek
- Gücük
- Gümüşdöven
- Günaltı
- Gündere
- Güneşli
- Güplüce
- Güvercinlik
- Hacıhasanlı
- Hasanalili
- Hasankendi
- Horhor
- İğde
- İkizpınarı
- İncecik
- Izgın
- Kalaycık
- Kalealtı
- Kangal
- Kantarma
- Karaelbistan
- Karahasanuşağı
- Karahüyük
- Karamağara
- Kavaktepe
- Kayageçit
- Keçemağara
- Kışlaköy
- Kızılcıoba
- Köprübaşı
- Körücek
- Köseyahya
- Köşkköy
- Küçükyapalak
- Kümbet
- Orhangazi
- Ovacık
- Özbek
- Özcanlı
- Pınarbaşı
- Sarıyatak
- Sevdili
- Söğütlü
- Sünnetköy
- Tapkıran
- Tapkırankale
- Taşburun
- Tepebaşı
- Topallı
- Toprakhisar
- Türkören
- Uncular
- Uzunpınar
- Yalakköy
- Yalıntaş
- Yapılı
- Yapılıpınar
- Yapraklı
- Yeşilyurt
- Yoğunsöğüt
- Yunusemre
Notable people
- Mustafa Atici, Swiss politician of Kurdish descent
- Mazlum Çimen, ballet dancer, award-winning film score composer and folk singer
- Fidan Doğan, murdered Kurdish activist
- Tulay Goren, missing Kurdish schoolgirl
- Kemal Gözükara, mathematician, businessman and president of the Istanbul Arel University
- minister of Culture and Tourism
- Tahsin Yücel, Turkish translator, novelist, essayist and literary critic
References
- ^ TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- ^ a b Aksüt, Ali. "On the Alevism of Elbistan, Nurhak, Ekinozu and Afsin - Elbistan Nurhak Ekinözü Afşin Aleviliği Üzerine - Zum Alevitentum in Elbistan, Nurhak, Ekinözü und Afşin" - Alevilik-Bektaşilik Araştırmaları Dergisi 2017 (No.15), pp.264-265, 279 doi:10.24082/abked.2017.15.011
- ^ Adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 56. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ "معلومات عن البستان على موقع geonames.org". geonames.org. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019.
- ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- ^ [1] Elbistan İsminin Tarihçesi
- ^ ISBN 9781904597735.
- ISBN 9780674064997.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-85773-580-5. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
- ^ ISBN 9789004101807. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
- ISBN 978-605-149-657-3 (PDF)
- ISBN 975-363-798-5.
- ^ "Elbistan" - Official website of the Kahramanmaras Governor (Kahramanmaraş Valiliği)
- ^ Evliyâ Çelebi Seyahatnâmesi: III. p. 201. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ^ "'Maraş'ta Alevi Kürtlerin nüfusu yüzde 10'lara düştü'". 15 June 2017. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
- ^ McDowall, Donald (November 2002). "Asylum seekers from Turkey II" (PDF). p. 64.
- ISBN 978-975-343-220-7
- ^ Dursun, Mehmet E.; Kirik, Esra. Elbistan Ağzı (Kahramanmaraş Ağızları - II). Turkish Studies - International Periodical For The Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 7/1 Winter 2012, p.1045 DOI:10.7827/TurkishStudies.3174 (PDF)
- ^ Aras, Bahtiyar Murat; Gökhan, İlyas. "Pazarcık Türkmen Alevileri" - Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Bölümleri [638]. pp.18, 30, 78, 94, 110-111, 156, 433, 439, 443-444,
- ^ "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Elbistan". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
- ^ Sesi, Elbistanın. "Dumanı hem boğuyor hem zehirliyor, kokusu da cabası!". Elbistanın Sesi (in Turkish). Retrieved 5 October 2020.
- ^ Akdemir -, Özer (11 September 2020). "Afşin Elbistan Termik Santrali A Ünitesi hâlâ filtresiz çalışıyor! | Özer Akdemir". Ekoloji Birliği (in Turkish). Retrieved 5 October 2020.
- ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.