Annas

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(Redirected from
Eleazar ben Ananus
)
"Ananus" redirects here. For other uses, see Ananus (disambiguation).
This article is about the Jewish High Priest. For the Indian currency unit, see Indian anna.

Annas (also Ananus

Judaea in AD 6 – just after the Romans had deposed Archelaus, Ethnarch of Judaea
, thereby putting Judaea directly under Roman rule.

Annas appears in the

Passion plays as a high priest before whom Jesus is brought for judgment, prior to being brought before Pontius Pilate
.

The sacerdotal family

The terms of Annas, Caiaphas, and the five brothers are:

Ananus (or Annas), son of Seth (6–15)

Annas officially served as High Priest for ten years (AD 6–15), when at the age of 36 he was deposed by the procurator

Ananus the son of Ananus, was assassinated in AD 66 for advocating peace with Rome.[2]

Jewish titles
Preceded by
Joazar ben Boethus
 High Priest of Israel
c.6—15 		Succeeded by

Eleazar ben Ananus
(16–17)

After Valerius Gratus deposed Ishmael ben Fabus from the high priesthood, he installed Eleazar ben Ananus, (15—16),[5][6] a descendant of John Hyrcanus. It was a time of turbulence in Jewish politics, with the role of the high priesthood being contended for by several priestly families. Eleazar was likewise deposed by Gratus, who gave the office to Simon ben Camithus (17-18).

Jewish titles
Preceded by High Priest of Israel
16-17 		Succeeded by

Caiaphas (18–36)

Properly called Joseph, son of Caiaphas, he was married to the daughter of Annas (John 18:13). Gratus made him high priest after depriving Simon ben Camithus of the office.[5] The comparatively long eighteen-year tenure of Caiaphas suggests he had established a good working relationship with the Roman authorities. Gratus' successor Pontius Pilate retained him as high priest.[7]

Jewish titles
Preceded by High Priest of Israel
18-36 		Succeeded by
Jonathan ben Ananus

Jonathan ben Ananus
(36–37)

Jewish titles
Preceded by High Priest of Israel
36—37 		Succeeded by

Theophilus ben Ananus (37–41)

Jewish titles
Preceded by
Jonathan ben Ananus
 High Priest of Israel
36—37 		Succeeded by
Simon Cantatheras ben Boethus

Matthias ben Ananus
(43)

Jewish titles
Preceded by
Simon Cantatheras ben Boethus
 High Priest of Israel
43 		Succeeded by
Elioneus ben Simon Cantatheras

Jonathan ben Ananus
(44)

Jewish titles
Preceded by
Elioneus ben Simon Cantatheras
 High Priest of Israel
44 		Succeeded by

Ananus ben Ananus (63)

References in the

Luke 3:2),[non-primary source needed] perhaps for that reason.[verification needed][citation needed] It is also thought[according to whom?] that Annas also may have been acting as president of the Sanhedrin, or a coadjutor of the high priest.[verification needed][citation needed
]


Jewish titles
Preceded by High Priest of Israel
63 		Succeeded by

In the New Testament

The plot to kill Lazarus of Bethany

The involvement of the family of Annas may be implied in the plot to kill

Rich Man and Lazarus, pointing at a rich man with five brothers (Luke 16:28).[according to whom?] If the rich man dressed in purple and fine linen (cf. Exodus 28:8) represents Caiaphas, as figurehead of the Sadducees, then Annas might be the "father" in Luke 16:27, and the "five brothers" Luke 16:28 might be Annas' five sons.[according to whom?] The same argument[according to whom?] highlights the potential correspondence between the father and five brothers who will not be convinced by Lazarus being raised from the dead (Luke 16:31) and the suggestion that Caiaphas and Annas (and the latter's five sons) would not believe, and–at least in part—plotted to have Lazarus killed after he was described as having been so raised (John 12:10).[according to whom?
]

The trial of Jesus

Although Caiaphas was the properly appointed high priest, Annas, being his father-in-law and a former incumbent of the office, undoubtedly exercised a great deal of the power attached to the position.

first trial of Jesus took place (Matthew 26:57–68
).

In the Book of Acts

After

Apostles Peter and John were brought (Acts 4:6
).

Cultural references

Annas has an important role in Jesus Christ Superstar, as one of the two main antagonists of the show (the other being Caiaphas) spurring Pontius Pilate to take action against Jesus. In almost all versions, Annas has a very high voice (almost reaching falsetto) to contrast against Caiaphas' bass. Despite being Caiaphas' father-in-law, Annas is generally played by a younger actor.

See also

References

  1. ^ Josephus, The Complete Works, Thomas Nelson Publishers (Nashville, Tennessee, US), 20.9.1 (1998)
  2. ^ a b Goodman, Martin, "Rome & Jerusalem", Penguin Books, p.12 (2007)
  3. ^ "Glossary | Ananus Ben Seth".
  4. ^ Josephus, Jewish Antiquities XX, 9.1; "It is said that the elder Ananus was extremely fortunate. For he had five sons, all of whom, after he himself had previously enjoyed the office for a very long period, became high priests of God - a thing that had never happened to any other of our high priests."
  5. ^ a b Josephus Antiquities 18.2.2
  6. ^ "High Priests of the Second Temple Period", Jewish Virtual Library
  7. ^ Lendering, Jona. "Caiaphas". www.livius.org.
  8. ^ Enelow, H.G., "Annas", Jewish Encyclopedia
  9. ^ Gottheil, Richard; Krauss, Samuel. "Caiaphas". 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved 11 January 2019. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)

External links

Wikisource has the text of the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia article Annas.
  • "Annas" .
    New International Encyclopedia
    . 1905.
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