Elections in Argentina
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At the national level, Argentina elects a head of state (the President) and a legislature. The franchise extends to all citizens aged 16 and over, and voting is mandatory (with a few exceptions) for all those who are between 18 and 70 years of age.
The President and the
The
History
.Throughout the 20th century, voting was suppressed by Argentina's numerous dictatorial regimes.
In 2012, Law 26.774 ("on Argentine Citizenship") lowered the legal voting age for Argentine citizens from 18 to 16, making Argentina one of twelve countries in the world to do so.[7]
Eligibility to vote
The right to vote is mandated in Article 37 of the Constitution of Argentina, and further detailed in the National Electoral Code.[8] In the national order, entitlement to vote is based on citizenship. Natural-born Argentine citizens and citizens by descent aged 16 or older have the right to vote, while naturalized citizens may vote from the age of 18 (see Argentine nationality law). Non-citizen permanent residents do not have the right to vote for national offices, but may be allowed to vote for local office as established by provincial law. The right to vote is not extended to:
- the mentally unfit (as demonstrated in trial),
- those who have been convicted of crimes with intent,
- those who have been convicted of illegal gambling (for three years only, and for six years in cases of recidivism),
- those who have been sanctioned for qualified desertion,
- those who have been declared to be rebels in a criminal cause, until the cessation of said rebellion, or until prescription,
- those who are limited by the dispositions on the Organic Law on Political Parties,
- those who have otherwise been declared unable to exercise their political rights.
All Argentine citizens are automatically registered to vote in the national electoral roll, which is updated on a bi-yearly basis ahead of every scheduled election.[9] From the ages of 18 to 70, voting is compulsory. Eligible voters between the ages of 18 and 70 may by exempt from voting if they are:
- sitting judges and their auxiliaries who must remain in their offices for the duration of the electoral act,
- over 500 kilometers away from their designated voting place, and can justify that distance with reason through a certificate written by their closest police authority,
- ill or otherwise unable, with sufficient proof, as demonstrated by a doctor in the national, provincial, or municipal health services, or by private doctors if all the aforementioned are not available.
Argentine citizens living abroad may vote in embassies and consulates of Argentina.[10]
Provincial elections
Provincial law and constitutions, controlled by provincial legislatures regulate elections at the provincial level and local level. Since the separation of powers applies to provinces as well as the federal government, provincial legislatures and the executive (the governor) are elected separately. Governors are elected in all provinces.
All members of provincial legislatures and territorial jurisdiction legislature are elected.
As a matter of convenience and cost-saving, elections for many of these provincial and local offices are held at the same time as the federal presidential elections. There is a handful of provinces, however, that instead hold their elections separately.
Schedule
Election
Position | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | Open Primaries[note 1] (August)Presidential (October) National Senate (October) Chamber of Deputies (October) Provincial (March–October) Municipalities (March–October) |
Municipalities (no data) |
Open Primaries (August) National Senate (October) Chamber of Deputies (October) Provincial (TBA) Municipalities (TBA) |
Municipalities (no data) |
Open Primaries (August) Presidential (October) National Senate (October) Chamber of Deputies (October) Provincial (March–October) Municipalities (March–October) |
Vice-president
|
President and Vice-president | None | President and Vice-president | ||
National Senate | Third[note 2] | None | Third[note 3] | None | Third[note 4] |
Chamber of Deputies | Half[note 5] | None | Half | None | Half |
Governors and Legislatures)
|
22 Provinces (G)[note 6] 23 Provinces (L)[note 7] |
None | 2 Provinces (G)[note 8] 13 Provinces (L)[note 9] |
None | 22 Provinces (G)[note 10] 23 Provinces (L)[note 11] |
Municipalities (Mayors and Councils) |
no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
Inauguration
Position | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | Presidential (December) National Senate Chamber of Deputies Provincial Municipalities |
Municipalities | National Senate Chamber of Deputies Provincial Municipalities |
Municipalities | Presidential National Senate Chamber of Deputies Provincial Municipalities |
President and Vice-president |
10 December | None | 10 December | ||
National Senate | 10 December | None | 10 December | None | 10 December |
Chamber of Deputies | 10 December | None | 10 December | None | 10 December |
Provinces (Governors and Legislatures) | December | None | December | None | December |
Municipalities (Mayors and Councils) | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
Latest elections
The ruling "Union for the Homeland" coalition lost to the "La Libertad Avanza" alliance in the second round presidential elections by 55.69% vs 44.31%.[11]
See also
- Political parties in Argentina
- Electoral calendar
- Electoral system
Notes
- ^ Simultaneous open primaries for all national candidatures, mandatory for every political party
- ^ The following eight provinces renew all its three senators: Buenos Aires Province, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Misiones, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz
- ^ The following eight provinces renew all its three senators:Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Chaco, Entre Ríos, Neuquén, Río Negro, Salta, Santiago del Estero and Tierra del Fuego
- Santa Fe and Tucumán
- ^ All 23 provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires renew half its deputies
- ^ All Provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires except for Corrientes and Santiago del Estero
- ^ All Provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires except for Santiago del Estero
- ^ Corrientes and Santiago del Estero
- ^ Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Province, Catamarca, Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Salta, San Luis and Santiago del Estero
- ^ All Provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires except for Corrientes and Santiago del Estero
- ^ All Provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires except for Santiago del Estero
References
- CONICET(in Spanish). 1 April 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ISSN 1659-4940.
- ^ Pigna, Felipe (27 October 2019). "Todo lo que nos costó a los argentinos votar libremente". Clarín (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ "La "década infame" y el "fraude patriótico"". educ.ar (in Spanish). 16 August 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ "Argentina: Freedom in the World 2020 Country Report". Freedom House. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ "Argentine Republic". IFES Election Guide (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ Torre, Iván (March 2016). "Espíritu adolescente: El voto joven en Argentina". CIPPEC (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ "Ley simple: Voto". argentina.gob.ar (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ Grosz, Martín (7 May 2021). "Dónde voto: consultá el padrón electoral provisorio para las Elecciones 2021". Clarín (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ "Los argentinos residentes en el exterior ya no podrán votar por correo postal". Perfil (in Spanish). 23 March 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ "Argentina Presidential Election Live Results 2023". Bloomberg.com. 2023-11-17. Retrieved 2023-11-20.