Elections in Taiwan
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The elections in Taiwan each held every four years, typically in January and November. Since 2012 the previously eleven types of elections in
General elections are held to elect the
Elections are supervised by the Central Election Commission (CEC), an independent agency under the central government, with the municipality, county and city election commissions under its jurisdiction. The minimum voting age is twenty years. Voters must satisfy a four-month residency requirement before being allowed to cast a ballot.[1]
Taiwan was ranked second most electoral
History
Elections were held for the first time in Taiwan by the Japanese colonial government on 22 November 1935, electing half of the city and township councilors. The other half were appointed by the prefectural governors. Only men aged 25 and above and who had paid a tax of five yen or more a year were allowed to vote, which was only 28,000 out of the 4 million population. The elections were held again in 1939, but the 1943 election was canceled due to the
The
From the 1990s, a series of democratic reforms were implemented in
The provincial government was reconstructed as a subsidiary of the central government in 1998 and elections for governor and provincial legislators were terminated. The National Assembly ceased to be convened regularly in 2000 and was abolished in 2005. The number of members of the Legislative Yuan was reduced to 113 from 2008. Taiwan reformed 2008 the legislative election from the single non-transferable vote to parallel voting.[16] In recent years, the electoral system has been further consolidated the various elections into two categories: national elections and local elections, each election category to be held on the same day.
- The national elections elect the Legislators.
- The local elections elect 11,130 local officials who serve in self-government bodies.
Since 2004 there have been 20 referendums in Taiwan.
Current election types
Presidential elections
Presidential elections are held to jointly elect the president and vice president by first-past-the-post.
Legislative Yuan elections
Legislative elections are held to elect the 113 members of the Legislative Yuan by parallel voting:
- 73 members by first-past-the-post in single-member constituencies
- 6 by single non-transferable voting in multi-member constituencies, exclusive for persons with indigenousstatus
- 34 by party-list proportional representation voting
Local elections
Nine types of local elections are held to elect:
- Mayors of special municipalities
- Magistrates of counties and mayors of cities
- Councillors in special municipality councils
- Councillors in county and city councils
- Mayors of townships and county-administered cities
- Representatives in township/city councils
- Chief administrators of mountain indigenous districts
- Representatives in mountain indigenous district councils
- Village chiefs
The local elections are also known as "nine-in-one elections" as the election date has been consolidated in recent years. A resident of a county or indigenous district is eligible for five types of votes, whereas a resident of a city or non-indigenous district of a special municipality is eligible for three. Magistrates, mayors, chief administrators, and village chiefs are elected by first-past-the-post. Councillors and council representatives are elected by single non-transferable voting in multi-member constituencies.
Eligibility
In order to vote in Taiwan, one must be a national with household registration of the Republic of China who will be 20 years or older on the day before the election.
For presidential elections, the voter must have once lived in the Taiwan area for six consecutive months or longer. Residents of the area at the time of the election are automatically registered while those living abroad must apply.
For legislative and local elections, the voter must have been living in the associated electoral district for four consecutive months or longer at the time of the election. For legislative elections, the electoral district for indigenous and party-list votes is nationwide. Eligibility for the three types of votes is evaluated separately.
Upcoming elections and referendums
For past elections, see respective articles.
- 2025 referendum (if a proposal is approved)
See also
- Referendums in Taiwan
- Central Election Commission (Taiwan)
- List of political parties in Taiwan
- Administrative divisions of Taiwan
- Politics of Taiwan
- History of Taiwan
- History of the Republic of China
- Electoral calendar
- Electoral system
- Voting rights of Taiwanese expatriates
References
- ^ ":::Central Election Commission:::". 英文版. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 7, 2014.
- ^ V-Dem Institute (2023). "The V-Dem Dataset". Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ Democracy Report 2023, Table 3, V-Dem Institute, 2023
- ^ 打狗高雄｜歷史與現在 (22 November 2015). 臺灣第一戰：1935年臺灣首次選舉 - 打狗高雄｜歷史與現在. takao.tw.
- ISBN 9781134692972– via Google Books.
- ISBN 9781134062690– via Google Books.
- ^ "國民大會代表立法院立法委員臺灣省選舉事務所公告，選字第1226號（民國37年1月31日），公告本省立委當選人暨候補人名單". 臺灣省政府公報. 春 (25): 416.
- ^ "Far East (Formosa and the Pescadores)". Hansard. 540 (cc1870–4). 4 May 1955. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
The sovereignty was Japanese until 1952. The Japanese Treaty came into force, and at that time Formosa was being administered by the Chinese Nationalists, to whom it was entrusted in 1945, as a military occupation.
- S2CID 144402230.
After occupying Taiwan in 1945 as a result of Japan's surrender, the Nationalists were defeated on the mainland in 1949, abandoning it to retreat to Taiwan.
- ^ Huang, Tai-lin (20 May 2005). "White Terror exhibit unveils part of the truth". Taipei Times. p. 2. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
- ^ a b Lu, Lu Hsin-hui; Kuo, Chung-han (28 September 2016). "DPP should clarify its cross-strait policy: founding member". Central News Agency. Archived from the original on 29 September 2016. Retrieved 29 September 2016.
- ^ Chung, Li-hua; Chin, Jonathan (30 September 2016). "DPP members say party must discuss core values". Taipei Times. Archived from the original on 30 September 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ^ Kuo, Lily (9 January 2020). "'We need more dreams': Taiwan's 'Squad' rallies youth ahead of election". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 13 April 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
- ISBN 9780275962074.
- ^ "Taiwan's 2020 presidential elections: who are the contenders?". Hong Kong Free Press. 4 January 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
- JSTOR 42956521.
External links
- Adam Carr's Election Archive
- Central Election Commission
- Constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Additional Articles of Constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
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