Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt
Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt | |||||||||
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c. 2150 BC–c. 1991 BC | |||||||||
Capital | Thebes | ||||||||
Common languages | Egyptian language | ||||||||
Religion | ancient Egyptian religion | ||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy | ||||||||
Historical era | Bronze Age | ||||||||
• Established | c. 2150 BC | ||||||||
• Disestablished | c. 1991 BC | ||||||||
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Periods and dynasties of ancient Egypt | ||
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All years are BC | ||
XXXIII | 305–30 |
The Eleventh Dynasty of
Characteristics
The relative chronology of the 11th Dynasty is well established by contemporary attestations and, except for count Intef and Mentuhotep IV, by the Turin canon.[1]
Manetho's statement that Dynasty XI consisted of 16 kings, who reigned for 43 years is contradicted by contemporary inscriptions and the evidence of the Turin King List, whose combined testimony establishes that this kingdom consisted of seven kings who ruled for a total of 143 years.[2] However, his testimony that this dynasty was based at Thebes is verified by the contemporary evidence. It was during this dynasty that all of ancient Egypt was united under the Middle Kingdom.
This dynasty traces its origins to a nomarch of Thebes, "Intef the Great, son of Iku", who is mentioned in a number of contemporary inscriptions. However, his immediate successor Mentuhotep I is considered the first king of this dynasty.
An inscription carved during the reign of Wahankh
Warfare continued intermittently between the Thebean and Heracleapolitan dynasts until the 14th
The reign of its last king, and thus the end of this dynasty, is something of a mystery. Contemporary records refer to "seven empty years" following the death of Mentuhotep III, which correspond to the reign of Nebtawyra
Pharaohs of the Eleventh Dynasty
Pharaoh | Horus name | Image | Reign | Burial | Consort(s) | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intef the Elder | (unknown) | Around 2150 BC | Iry-pat, "the Count", probably the same person as "Intef, son of Iku".[1] Theban nomarch serving an unnamed king. | |||
Mentuhotep I | Tepya | 2134 BC – ? | Neferu I | Tepy-a, "the ancestor" | ||
Intef I | Sehertawy | ?–2118 BC | El-Tarif, Thebes | Son of Mentuhotep I | ||
Intef II | Wahankh | 2118–2069 BC | El-Tarif, Thebes | Neferukayet? | Brother of Intef I | |
Intef III | Nakhtnebtepnefer | 2069–2061 BC | El-Tarif, Thebes | Iah | Son of Intef II | |
Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II | Seankhibtawy; Netjerihedjet; Smatawy |
2061–2010 BC | Deir el-Bahari | Tem Neferu II Ashayet Henhenet Kawit Kemsit Sadeh |
Son of Intef III and Iah. Reunifies Egypt starting the Middle Kingdom. | |
Sankhkare Mentuhotep III | Sankhtawyef | 2010–1998 BC | Deir el-Bahari[3] | Son of Mentuhotep II and Tem | ||
Nebtawyre Mentuhotep IV | Nebtawy | 1998–1991 BC | Son of Queen Imi |
See also
Notes
- ^ ISBN 9789047404002. (mirror)
- S2CID 161488411.
- ISBN 9780500051009.
External links
- Media related to 11th dynasty of Egypt at Wikimedia Commons