Emilio García Gómez

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
In this
Spanish name, the first or paternal surname
is García and the second or maternal family name is Gómez.
Real Academia Española
In office
22 November 1945 – 31 May 1995
Preceded byAntonio Machado[a]
Succeeded byJuan Luis Cebrián

Emilio García Gómez, 1st Count of Alixares (4 June 1905 – 31 May 1995) was a Spanish Arabist, literary historian and critic, whose talent as a poet enriched his many translations from

Arabic
.

Life

Coat of Arms of 1st Count of Alixares

Emilio García Gómez decided to pursue Arabic as a career after attending

Arabic language classes taught by Prof. Miguel Asín Palacios at the Complutense University of Madrid. He had been a student of law. In his Arabic studies he was mentored by the professors Julián Ribera y Tarragó
, and by Asín.

Recipient of a scholarship to

Taha Husayn. His doctoral thesis on the Alexander legend in the Maghrib won the Fastenrath Prize. In 1930 he became Professor of Arabic at the University of Granada, until he returned to Madrid in 1944.[1]

While living in Granada he had become friends with Manuel de Falla the classical music composer and with Federico García Lorca the poet, both aficionados of Flamenco.[2] Inspired by the translations of Gómez, García Lorca wrote his Diván de Tamarit. Here, the poet was not following in imitation of a traditional Arabic verse but rather paying it contemporary homage, García Gómez favorably observed.[3]

He was again in

University of Cairo
in 1951 during celebrations on its silver jubilee.

Later, he served as the

Spanish Ambassador to various States in the Middle East, namely, Iraq (Baghdad), Lebanon (Beirut), and Turkey (Ankara), as well as to Afghanistan, during the years 1958 to 1969.[4]

Throughout his career, Emilio García Gómez was widely admired.[5] He would receive several prestigious academic and literary awards. He lived until he reached the age of ninety.

On 7 October 1994 García Gómez was raised into the

King Juan Carlos I
and received the hereditary title conde de los Alixares (English: Count of Alixares). García Gómez died in 1995, and since he had no successors his title became extinct.

Works

A major focus of his academic work was

jarchas (Arabic kharja) poetic form.[7]

His many translations of Arabic poetry were received with acclaim by the literary public, as well as by many

Pennants of the Champions, and of later translation of and commentary on the Andalusian poet and scholar Ibn Hazm (994–1064).[9] García Gómez also published a collection of his literary essays, Silla del Moro y nuevas escenas andaluzas, which drew on his experiences while living in Granada during the early thirties.[10]

Assisting two of his mentor professors, García Gómez edited shorter, more popular versions (though still rigorous) of the well-known tomes by Julián Ribera y Tarragó[11] and Miguel Asín Palacios[12] Later, he and Prof. Rafael Lapesa produced several articles on their teacher and elder Miguel Asín Palacios.[13]

After returning from his travels to the Middle East in the late 1940s and early 1950s, he published (under the title Los Días) his translation of the Egyptian writer

Taha Husayn's recent autobiographical work Al-Ayyam.[14] In 1955 he translated another modern work of Arabic literature, about an Egyptian rural prosecutor.[15]

Though his main academic work was in Arabic poetry, he also approached the social issues involved in understanding the Islamic presence in medieval Spain. García Gómez collaborated with the French historian

Spanish history, where he refers approvingly to the work of Américo Castro.[17]

In his later years García Gómez labored on the various facets of the literary events surrounding the Alhambra, an architectural gem, site of the government offices and the residence of the Muslim rulers of Granada, where the Islamic presence lingered the longest.

Notes

  1. ^ Machado was elected for the position in 1927 but never took the seat

Notes

  1. ^ James T. Monroe, Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship (Leiden: Brill 1970, Reprint Cambridge: ILEX Editions/Harvard University Press 2021) at 202–203, 206.
  2. ^ Both de Falla and García Lorca were involved in the Flamenco revival Concurso y Fiesta del Cante Jondo held in Granada in 1922. Cf., Eduardo Molina Fajardo, Manuel de Falla y el "Cante Jondo" (Universidad de Granada 1998).
  3. ^ García Gómez, "Nota al Divan del Tamarit" {1934} in Silla del Moro y Nuevas Escenas Andaluas (1948, 1954) at 88–92, 92; Monroe, Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship at 204–206
  4. ^ The Emilio García Gómez Article at the Spanish Wikipedia site.
  5. ^ E.g., Ángel Valbuena Prat, Historia de la literatura española (Barcelona, 6th ed., 1960) at vol. 3: 784–786, cited by Monroe at 218; Gerald Brennan, The Literary History of the Spanish People (Cambridge Univ. 1951, 2nd ed. 1953, reprint Meridian 1957) at 21, 454.
  6. ^ A. J. Arberry, Moorish Poetry (Cambridge 1953) at ix–x.
  7. Ramon Menendez Pidal
    treats of the zejel (related strophic verse and music) in his Poesía árabe y poesía europea [1937] (1941, 1943, 1946) at 9–67.
  8. ^ Regarding García Lorca's Diván de Tamarit, see "Life" at note 3, here above.
  9. ^ El collar de la paloma [Dove's Neck Ring] (1952); cf. Monroe, at 212–213.
  10. ^ Madrid 1948, reprint Buenos Aires 1954; cf., Monroe, Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship at 209, 218.
  11. ^ Ribera, La música de las Cantigas (Madrid 1922), edited by García Gómez as La música árabe y su influencia en la española (Madrid 1927, reprinted Madrid, Mayo de Oro, 1985).
  12. Dante
    y el Islam (Madrid 1927).
  13. ^ En el centanario del nacimiento de don Miguel Asín (1969); cf., his in Al Andalus 34: 460–469 (1969).
  14. ^ Taha Husein, Los Días (Valencia: Castalia 1954).
  15. ^ Tawfik al-Hakim, Diario de un fiscal rural (Madrid 1955); cited by Monroe at 214.
  16. Ramon Menéndez Pidal
    , translated from the original French by Emilio García Gómez.
  17. ^ Monroe, Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship at 210–212, 214.

Selected publications

Collaborations

See also

Spanish nobility
New creation Count of Alixares
1994–1995 		Extinct
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