Emiran

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Emireh point
)
Emiran culture
Arabia
PeriodUpper Paleolithic
Datesabout 60,000–40,000 cal B.P.[1][2]
Preceded byMousterian, Aterian
Followed byBohunician, Ahmarian, Levantine Aurignacian
early modern humans from Africa through the Levant
.

Emiran culture was a culture that existed in the

Arabia) between the Middle Paleolithic and the Upper Paleolithic periods. It is the oldest known of the Upper Paleolithic cultures and remains an enigma as it transitionally has no clear African progenitor.[3] This has led some scholars to conclude that the Emiran is autochthonous to the Levant.[4] However, some argue that the Emiran reflects broader technological trends observed earlier in North Africa, at older sites like Taramsa 1 in Egypt, "which contains modern human remains dated to 75,000 years ago".[5]

Emiran period

Emiran culture may have developed from the local Mousterian without rupture, keeping numerous elements of the Levalloise-Mousterian, together with the locally typical Emireh point. The Emireh point is the type tool of stage one of the Upper Paleolithic, first identified in the Emiran culture.[6] Numerous stone blade tools were used, including curved knives similar to those found in the Châtelperronian culture of Western Europe.

The Emiran eventually evolved into the

Antelian), still of Levalloise tradition but with some Aurignacian influences.[7]

According to Dorothy Garrod, the Emireh point, known from several sites in Palestine, is the hallmark of this culture.[8]

Relationships

"Levantine Aurignacian", from the Levant, is a type of blade technology very similar to the European Aurignacian, following chronologically the Emiran and Early Ahmarian in the same area of the Near East, and closely related to them.[9]

See also

References

  1. .
  2. .
  3. ^ Marks, Anthony; Rose, Jeff. "Through a prism of paradigms: a century of research into the origins of the Upper Palaeolithic in the Levant". In "Modes de contacts et de déplacements au Paléolithique Eurasiatique" – via www.academia.edu.
  4. ^ Douka, Katerina (2013). "Exploring "the great wilderness of prehistory": The chronology of the Middle to the Upper Palaeolithic transition in the northern Levant". Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Urgeschichte. 22: 11–40 – via www.academia.edu.
  5. PMID 19571003
    .
  6. ^ Lorraine Copeland; P. Wescombe (1965). Inventory of Stone-Age sites in Lebanon, p. 48 & Figure IV, 4, p. 150. Imprimerie Catholique. Retrieved 21 July 2011.[permanent dead link]
  7. .
  8. – via Google Books.
  9. .

Further reading