Encarnación Cabré

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
In this
Spanish name, the first or paternal surname
is Cabré and the second or maternal family name is Herreros.
Encarnación Cabré
1931 passport photograph
Born
Encarnación Cabré Herreros

(1911-03-21)March 21, 1911
Madrid, Spain
DiedMarch 18, 2005(2005-03-18) (aged 93)
Madrid, Spain
Alma materComplutense University of Madrid

Encarnación Cabré Herreros (21 March 1911 – 18 March 2005) was a Spanish archaeologist.

Cabré developed an interest in archaeology at a young age. She accompanied her father

Francoist dictatorship
forbade her from teaching, and she mostly retired. She returned to the field in 1975, where she remained active for the rest of her life.

Cabré is considered to be the first woman in Spain to become a professional archaeologist.[1][2][3] In 2019, the Spanish parliament recognised her for contributions to women's professional advancement.

Life and career

Early life

Cabré in 1926

Encarnación Cabré Herreros was born on 21 March 1911 in

archaeologist. She lived the first six years of her life in her maternal grandparents' home in Santa María de Huerta, as her father could not own a house due to the intense nature of his work.[4]

In 1917, her family moved to Madrid, so that her father could conduct his research on

Iberian culture at the Centro de Estudios Históricos [es] (lit. 'Center for Historical Studies'). In Madrid, she was enrolled into the Colegio de Monjas del Sagrado Corazón for her primary education. She entered the Instituto Cardenal Cisneros [es] in 1921, where she studied for her baccalaureate until 1928. Later in 1921, she had her first experience with archaeological excavations when she visited Cantabria, where her father was inspecting archaeological sites.[4]

Academic career

The necropolis at Las Cogotas, photographed by Cabré in 1930

Cabré began to work as her father's main collaborator with much of his fieldwork in 1927, when she was seventeen years old.[5] She accompanied him on excavations in peninsular Spain through her university education and until the Spanish Civil War, and later acted as a co-author on the report of their results. She attended the Complutense University of Madrid from 1928 to 1932, where she obtained a degree in history.[1][6][5] From 1929 to 1956, she published a book and over twenty articles.[7][page needed] In September 1929, she attended the IV International Congress of Classical Archaeology in Barcelona, where she presented the only study conducted by a Spanish woman. She also attended the XV International Congress of Prehistoric Archaeology and Anthropology in Portugal in 1930. The same year, her portrait was included in publications by the Portuguese and French press which discussed the modernity of Spanish women.[1][8]

Cabré taught as a professor at the University of Madrid and the

pedagogical initiative launched by Spanish government.[1]

From 1937 to 1939, Cabré completed her doctoral studies while she worked under the archaeologist

conference proceedings from 1949 to 1959.[1][10]

Later life

Encarnación Cabré photographed by her father Juan Cabré (ca.1930).

Cabré began to publish again in 1975, mainly in collaboration with her son Juan Morán Cabré, and continued doing so until the end of her life. She died on 18 March 2005 in Madrid. Upon her death, she had her father's and her own archives donated to the Autonomous University of Madrid.[1][12]

Legacy

According to archaeologist María Luisa Oliveros Rives [es], in the first three decades of the 20th century, women were incompletely incorporated into the profession of archaeology.[6] Women scarcely took part in excavations, where they were often viewed as "a disruptive and undesirable element".[6] Margarita Díaz-Andreu, an archaeologist at the University of Barcelona, has defined Cabré as an exception to this predominant view, since Cabré was exposed to the field of archaeology through her father and collaborated with him on much of his fieldwork.[6]

In 2018, the political group

National Archaeological Museum after Cabré. The garden would be renamed the "Jardín de Encarnación Cabré" in recognition of her role in the "group of young women who opened the university to many others and demonstrated that women can successfully enter traditionally masculine disciplines" ("ese grupo de mujeres jóvenes que abrieron la universidad a muchas otras y que demostraron que las mujeres pueden adentrarse con éxito en disciplinas tradicionalmente masculinizadas").[2][3] On 27 February 2019, the Committee of Culture in the Congress of Deputies unanimously approved the proposal.[2]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Real Academia de la Historia.
  2. ^ a b c d e Riaño 2019.
  3. ^ a b La Vanguardia 2018.
  4. ^ a b Baquedano Beltrán 1993.
  5. ^ a b Alonso & Fullola i Pericot 2006, pp. 365–366.
  6. ^ a b c d e Díaz-Andreu 1998, p. 132.
  7. ^ Díaz-Andreu 1998, pp. 132–134.
  8. ^ International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences 2009, p. 280.
  9. ^ Díaz-Andreu 1998, p. 133.
  10. ^ a b Díaz-Andreu, Mora Rodríguez & Cortadella Morral 2009, p. 162.
  11. ^ Díaz-Andreu 1998, p. 130.
  12. ^ Díaz-Andreu 1998, p. 134.

References

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