Endocrine surgery
This article needs more primary sources. (February 2022) |
Endocrine surgery | |
---|---|
ICD-10-PCS | 0G |
ICD-9-CM | 06-07 |
MeSH | D013507 |
OPS-301 code | 5-06...5-07 |
Endocrine surgery is a surgical sub-speciality focusing on surgery of the endocrine glands, including the thyroid gland, the parathyroid glands, the adrenal glands, glands of the endocrine pancreas, and some neuroendocrine glands.[1]
Types
Thyroid surgery
Surgery of the
Parathyroid surgery
Removal of the parathyroid gland(s) is referred to as parathyroidectomy and is most commonly performed for primary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroidectomy is also performed to treat tertiary hyperparathyroidism arising from chronic kidney failure.
Adrenal surgery
Adrenalectomy, the surgical removal of the adrenal gland, is performed to treat conditions including Conn syndrome, pheochromocytoma, and adreno-cortical cancer.
Pancreatic surgery
Diseases of the endocrine pancreas occur very infrequently; these include insulinomas, gastrinomas etc. Surgery for these conditions range from simple tumor enucleation to more larger resections.
Development
Endocrine surgery is generally well developed. Endocrine surgery has developed as a sub-specialty surgical category because of the technical nature of these operations and the associated risks of operating in the neck. In Surgery: Basic Science and Clinical Evidence, the book the efficacy prior research:[2]
Surgeons and physicians have advanced endocrine surgery by careful description of unusual patients and families with endocrine syndromes...Surgeons have also improved techniques for preparation for surgery and methods...
— Norton, Barie, Bollinger, et al.
In the 1970s, a specialty training program at Hammersmith Hospital was the primary location for early work in training a large number of surgeons.[3] It is well established that complications are much less common if performed by surgeons who do at least 100 thyroid operations per year. In the United Kingdom most thyroid surgery is performed by surgeons doing less than 20 thyroid operations per year.[citation needed] Permanent damage to both voice box nerves is an extreme rarity and needs in most cases a permanent tracheostomy. Data on the outcomes of all surgeons performing endocrine surgery in the UK is publicly available via the 'British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons' website.
Technique
Thyroid surgery
Some surgical teams leave wound drains in place after surgery to the thyroid gland.[4] There is no strong evidence that wound drains improve outcomes following surgery and there is low-quality evidence that wound drains increase the length of time a person stays in the hospital following thyroid surgery.[4]
References
- ^ "Endocrine Surgery". www.endocrinesurgeons.org.au. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
- ISBN 978-0-387-30800-5. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Endocrine Surgery, Mr John Lynn, Endocrine Surgeon". www.endocrinesurgeon.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-01-01.
- ^ PMID 17943885.