Enteral respiration

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Enteral respiration, also referred to as cloacal respiration or intestinal respiration,

epithelia of the enteral system, usually in the caudal cavity (cloaca). This is used in various species as an alternative respiration mechanism in hypoxic environments as a means to supplement blood oxygen
.

Turtles

Some turtles, especially those specialized in diving, are highly reliant on cloacal respiration during dives.[2] They accomplish this by having a pair of accessory air bladders connected to the cloaca which can absorb oxygen from the water.[3]

Other animals

Various

sea cucumbers while simultaneously gaining the protection of living within the sea cucumber itself. At night, many of these species emerge from the anus of the sea cucumber in search of food.[4]

The pond loach is able to respond to the periodic drying in their native habitats by burrowing into the mud and exchanging gas through the posterior end of their alimentary canal.[5][6]

Studies have shown that mammals are capable of performing intestinal respiration to a limited degree in a laboratory setting.

perfluorocarbons, and the feasibility of application to humans.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.1016/j.medj.2021.04.004
    .
  2. JSTOR 3889486
    .
  3. ^ The Straight Dope - Is it true turtles breathe through their butts?
  4. ^ Aquarium Invertebrates by Rob Toonen, Ph.D.
  5. ^ McMahon, B. R. & Burggren, W. W. Respiratory physiology of intestinal air breathing in the teleost fish Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. J. Exp. Biol. 133, 371–393 (1987).
  6. ^ Ghosh, S. K., Ghosh, B. & Chakrabarti, P. Fine anatomical structures of the intestine in relation to respiratory function of air-breathing loach, Lepidocephalichthys guntea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 41, 1–5 (2011).
  7. ^ Olena, Abby (May 14, 2021). "Mammals Can Use Their Intestines to Breathe". The Scientist Magazine. The Scientist Magazine.
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