Equine viral arteritis
| Alphaarterivirus equid | |
|---|---|
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Pisuviricota |
| Class: | Pisoniviricetes |
| Order: | Nidovirales |
| Family: | Arteriviridae |
| Subfamily: | Equarterivirinae |
| Genus: | Alphaarterivirus |
| Species: | Alphaarterivirus equid
|
Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a disease of horses caused by a virus of the species Alphaarterivirus equid, an
Signs
The signs shown depend on the horse's age, the strain of the infecting virus, the condition of the horse and the route by which it was infected.
Cause
EVA is caused by an
There are a number of routes of
Diagnosis
Because of the variability of symptoms, diagnosis is by laboratory testing. Blood samples, nasal swabs and semen can be used for isolation of the virus, detection of the viral RNA by
Prevention
A vaccine is available in the UK and Europe, however in laboratory tests it is not possible to distinguish between antibodies produced as a result of vaccination and those produced in response to infection with the virus. Management also plays an important part in the prevention of EVA.[1][3]
Research
Zinc ionophores show antiviral activity against Equine viral arteritis.[10]
History
The virus causing EVA was first identified following an outbreak of respiratory disease and spontaneous abortion on a horse farm in Ohio in 1953.[5] The first outbreak of EVA in the UK was in 1993. The outbreak affected six premises and around 100 horses were infected. Further spread of the virus was prevented by movement restrictions.[11]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "Equine Viral Arteritis: Introduction". The Merck Veterinary Manual. 2006. Retrieved 2007-06-25.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-904455-22-6.
- ^ a b c d "Defra, UK - Disease surveillance and control - Notifiable diseases - Equine Viral Arteritis". Archived from the original on 2010-11-15.
- ^ ISBN 9781840766240.
- ^ PMID 25441113.
- PMID 15236675.
- ^ ISBN 9780128011706.
- ^ ISBN 9781455751150.
- ^ "Animal Health Trust".
- PMID 21079686.
- S2CID 6648131.
External links
- The short film Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA) - A Manageable Problem is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive.