Eritoran
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Eritoran is a synthetic
inflammatory response to an infection. It failed a five year Phase III clinical trial, the results of which were published in 2013,[1][2] and as of 2014 was no longer being developed.[3]
It was being developed by the Japanese pharmaceutical company
TLR4 is part of the
pathogens. Eritoran is similar in structure to the lipopolysaccharide lipid A - a part of bacteria that binds to TLR4 and activates TLR4, triggering a defense. Eritoran binds to TLR4 but blocks its activation.[1][4]
E. coli, a gram-negative bacterium[4] |
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Too much signalling by TLR4 may be part of what causes cytokine storms and sepsis, but as of 2021 no drug that inhibits TLR4 has been shown to prevent or treat sepsis or cytokine storms in humans.[1]
References
Further reading
- Tidswell M, Tillis W, Larosa SP, Lynn M, Wittek AE, Kao R, et al. (January 2010). "Phase 2 trial of eritoran tetrasodium (E5564), a toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, in patients with severe sepsis". Critical Care Medicine. 38 (1): 72–83. S2CID 19160973.
- Shirey KA, Lai W, Scott AJ, Lipsky M, Mistry P, Pletneva LM, et al. (May 2013). "The TLR4 antagonist Eritoran protects mice from lethal influenza infection". Nature. 497 (7450): 498–502. PMID 23636320.