Ernest A. Batchelder

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Ernest A. Batchelder
BornJanuary 22, 1875
Nashua, New Hampshire, U.S.
DiedAugust 6, 1957 (aged 82)
Pasadena, California, U.S.
Known fortile
MovementArts and crafts movement
Batchelder tile, detail on chimney of the Batchelder House (Pasadena, California)
Batchelder tile, detail on chimney of the Batchelder House (Pasadena, California)
Batchelder art tiles in the wainscotting of the Social Hall, Hollywood YMCA, Los Angeles, California.
Batchelder art tiles in the wainscotting of the Social Hall, Hollywood YMCA, Los Angeles, California.

Ernest Allan Batchelder (January 22, 1875 – August 6, 1957) was an American artist and educator who made

American Arts and Crafts Movement
.

Early life

Ernest Allan Batchelder was born on January 22, 1875, in Nashua, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire.

Throop Polytechnic Institute, the predecessor of the California Institute of Technology
.

Career

Batchelder's life took a turn in 1909 when, behind his house overlooking the

Pasadena Art Institute and his membership in the Pasadena Society of Artists. Batchelder was also the third Chairman of the Board of Directors for the Pasadena Playhouse
, to which he contributed an original tile fireplace and fountain (recently restored).

The style in which Batchelder worked was highly distinctive. First, he used a single-fire process known as engobe in which a primary wash of colored clay slip (usually pale blue) was applied to the surface of the tile before being fired, pooling in the recesses of the design, with excess being wiped off. Then the tile was fired. A typical glazed tile is fired twice–once before glaze, and once after, thereby sealing in the added color. Batchelder's designs often drew on Medieval themes but also included flowers, vines, and California oaks; birds, particularly peacocks; Mayan patterns; Byzantine themes; and geometric shapes.[5]

Batchelder architectural tiles met with great success, and the company moved twice, expanding each time. Its tiles appear on the walls and floors of many New York City apartment house lobbies, and can be found in shops, restaurants, swimming pools and hotels throughout the United States.

One of Batchelder's last and largest projects was the

Hotel Hershey in Hershey, Pennsylvania, built by the famous chocolate manufacturer in 1930, in order to give jobs to many local residents who would otherwise have been unemployed during the Depression. Batchelder tiles appeared on the walls, floors and stair risers of a dazzling fountain room, complete with central pool and a mezzanine level. Unfortunately, Batchelder's company, which had employed 150 men at its peak, was forced out of business by the Great Depression in 1932; although Batchelder continued to make pottery in a small shop in Pasadena until the early 1950s. In addition to the Batchelder Tile Company, there were numerous other California tile manufacturers. The abundant local clays, inexpensive fuel, power, and cheap labour were all factors that contributed to an active tile industry, while the rapidly growing population led to a continual demand for new buildings. Moreover, the most popular local architectural styles, such as Spanish, Mediterranean and Colonial Revival, use large amounts of tile.[6]

One of Batchelder's famous earliest commissions became Los Angeles Historical-Cultural Monument No. 137: a Dutch-themed Chocolate Shop. The cocoa-brown walls were crowned with tiles of Dutch maidens, wooden clogs, and windmills. "It's certainly one of the most beautiful and extravagant tile interiors in Los Angeles or anywhere," said Ken Bernstein, manager of the city's Office of Historic Resources. "It's a remarkable example of the use of ceramic tile and a preeminent example of Batchelder's work."[7]

Batchelder House

The

heraldic
animals and figures, may be found on the walkway in front of the dwelling.

Books

Batchelder wrote two books on tile design: The Principal of Design, (1901);[9] Design in Theory and Practice, (1911).[10]

Awards and honors

See also

References

  1. ^ Winter, Robert (2003). "Ernest Batchelder; essay from California Tile – The Golden Era 1910-1940" (PDF). Tile Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
  2. ^ Verlaque, Laura (2017-09-27). "Ernest Batchelder: Educator, Designer and Tilemaker: Part I". Pasadena Museum of History. Retrieved 2022-06-14.
  3. ^ California Death Index, Ancestry.com, retrieved 14 February 2023.
  4. ^ Massachusetts Normal Art School Circular and Catalogue, 1897-1898.
  5. ^ Arnold, Liz (9 July 2014). "The Quest to Save LA's Century-Old Batchelder Tile Masterpiece". Curbed Los Angeles. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  6. ISBN 9780810938670
    .
  7. ISSN 0458-3035
    . Retrieved 2015-09-26.
  8. ^ Adams, Elaine (Summer 2017). "How the San Gabriel Valley Inspired California Impressionism and Lured Artists from across the Nation, Part II of III" (PDF). California Art Club Newsletter. Retrieved 2020-06-16.
  9. ^ Batchelder, Ernest (1908). The Principles of Design. Boston.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  10. ^ Batchelder, Ernest (1911). Design in Theory and Practice. Boston.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ O'Connor, Pauline (24 September 2016). "Pasadena Museum of History debuts fantastic new Batchelder exhibit". Curbed Los Angeles. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  12. ^ King, Heather (9 February 2017). "'Batchelder: Tilemaker' at the Pasadena Museum of History". Angelus. Retrieved 19 September 2020.

External links

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