Ernesto Sabato
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Ernesto Sabato (June 24, 1911 – April 30, 2011) was an
Sabato was distinguished by his bald
Sabato's oeuvre includes three novels:
At the request of President
Biography
Early years
Ernesto Sabato was born in Rojas, Buenos Aires Province, son of Francesco Sabato and Giovanna Maria Ferrari, Italian immigrants from Calabria. His father was from Fuscaldo, and his mother was an Arbëreshë (Albanian minority in Italy) from San Martino di Finita.[5] He was the tenth of a total of 11 children. Being born after his ninth brother's death, he carried on his name "Ernesto".[6]
In 1924 he finished primary school in Rojas and settled in the city of
He was an active member in the
In 1933 he was elected Secretario General of the Federación Juvenil Comunista (Communist Youth Federation).[10] While attending a lecture about Marxism he met Matilde Kusminsky Richter, aged 17, who would leave her parents' house to live with Sabato.[11]
In 1934 he started to doubt Communism and Joseph Stalin's regime. The Communist Party of Argentina, which had noted this, sent him to the International Lenin School for two years. According to Sabato, "it was a place where either you recovered or ended up in a gulag or psychiatric hospital".[12] Before arriving at Moscow, he traveled to Brussels as a delegate from the Communist Party of Argentina at the "Congress against Fascism and the War". Once there, fearing not coming back from Moscow, he left the congress to escape to Paris.[12] It was there where he wrote his first novel: La Fuente Muda, which remains unpublished.[10][12] Once back in Buenos Aires, in 1936, he married Matilde Kusminsky Richter.
His years as a scientist
In 1938 he obtained his PhD in
During that time of antagonisms, I buried myself with
In 1939 he transferred to the
At the Curie Institute, one of the highest goals for a physicist, I found myself empty. Beaten up by disbelief, I kept going because of inertia, which my soul rejected.
— Ernesto Sabato[6]
In 1945, his second son,
Writing career
In 1941, Sabato published his first literary work, an article about La invención de Morel by Adolfo Bioy Casares, in the magazine Teseo from La Plata. Also, in concert with Pedro Henríquez Ureña, he published a collaboration in the renowned Sur magazine.
In 1942, working for Sur magazine reviewing books, he was put in charge of the "Calendario" section and participated in "Desagravio a
In 1945, his first book, Uno y el Universo, a series of essays criticizing the apparent moral neutrality of science and warning about dehumanization processes in technological societies, was published; with time he would turn towards a libertarian and humanist standing. That same year he was awarded a prize by the municipality of Buenos Aires for his book and the honor wand of the Sociedad Argentina de Escritores.
In 1948, after being rejected by several Buenos Aires editors, Sabato published in Sur his first novel,
France's literary industry named Sabato's book Abaddon, el Exterminador (The Angel of Darkness) the best foreign book of 1976.[1]
In 1998 Sabato's wife died.[15] In 1999 he acquired Italian citizenship in addition to his original Argentine nationality.[16]
Sabato died in Santos Lugares on April 30, 2011, two months short of his 100th birthday.[17][18] His death was the result of bronchitis, according to his companion and collaborator Elvira González Fraga.[15] The Spanish newspaper El Mundo said he had been "the last surviving Argentine writer with a capital W".[3]
Works
Novels
- 1948: El túnel(Translated by Harriet de Onis in 1950 as The Outsider and again by Margaret Sayers Peden in 1988 as The Tunnel)
- 1961: Sobre héroes y tumbas (Translated by Helen R. Lane in 1981 as On Heroes and Tombs)
- 1974: Abaddón el exterminador (Translated by Andrew Hurley in 1991 as The Angel of Darkness)
Essays
- 1945: Uno y el Universo (One and the Universe)
- 1951: Hombres y engranajes (Man and Mechanism)
- 1953: Heterodoxia (Heterodoxy)
- 1956: El caso Sabato. Torturas y libertad de prensa. Carta abierta al General Aramburu (The Sabato Case. Tortures and Liberty of Press. Open Letter to General Aramburu)
- 1956: El otro rostro del peronismo (The Other Face of Peronism)
- 1963: El escritor y sus fantasmas (Translated by Asa Zatz in 1990 as The Writer in the Catastrophe of our Time.)
- 1963: Tango, discusión y clave (Tango: Discussion and Key)
- 1967: Significado de Pedro Henríquez Ureña (Significance of Pedro Henríquez Ureña)
- 1968: Tres aproximaciones a la literatura de nuestro tiempo: Robbe-Grillet, Borges, Sartre (Three Approximations to the Literature of our Time: Robbe-Grillet, Borges, Sartre)
- 1973: La cultura en la encrucijada nacional (Culture in the National Crossroads)
- 1976: Diálogos con Jorge Luis Borges (Dialogues with Jorge Luis Borges) (Edited by Orlando Barone)
- 1979: Apologías y rechazos (Apologies and Rebuttals)
- 1979: Los libros y su misión en la liberación e integración de la América Latina (Books and their Mission in the Liberation and Integration of Latin America)
- 1988: Entre la letra y la sangre. Conversaciones con Carlos Catania (Between Letter and Blood. Conversations with Carlos Catania)
- 1998: Antes del fin (Before the End)
- Antes del fin is an autobiography in which he recounts his life and the influences on his political and ethical opinions. Sabato discusses the ill effects of globalization and the exalting of rationalism and materialism. There are also several tender passages about his school experiences in the 1920s (when there was more idealism, Sabato says), about his deceased wife and son, Matilde and Jorge, and about the struggling workers he meets on the streets of Buenos Aires.
- 2000: La resistencia (The Resistance)
- 2004: España en los diarios de mi vejez (Spain in the Diaries of my Old Age)
Others
- 1964: Itinerario (Itinerary)
- 1966: Romance de la muerte de Juan Lavalle. Cantar de Gesta (Romance of Juan Lavalle's Death. Cantar de gesta)
- 1984: Nunca más. Informe de la Comisión Nacional sobre la desaparición de personas (Never Again. Report from the National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons)
Tribute
On 24 June 2019, on Sábato's 108th birthday, he was honored with a Google Doodle.[19]
See also
References
- ^ Canadian Press. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
- ^ a b c "Argentine writer Ernesto Sabato dies, age 99". BBC News. BBC. April 30, 2011. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
- ^ a b "On the death of Ernesto Sabato: World reactions". Buenos Aires Herald. April 30, 2011. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
- ^ a b "Argentine writer Ernesto Sabato dies at age 99". Reuters. April 30, 2011. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
- ^ "Juana María Ferrari, de ascendencia italiana y albanesa. Francisco Sabato, de origen italiano" [1] Archived June 28, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ ISBN 978-84-322-0766-2
- ^ Diario La Nación: Evocan a Pedro Henríquez Ureña, gran humanista dominicano
- ^ "Festejos por el aniversario de la Reforma Universitaria". www.clarin.com. January 11, 1998.
- ^ "El joven discípulo de Ponce". Archived from the original on March 21, 2008.
- ^ a b c Biografía de Ernesto Sabato en Autores de Argentina. Archived February 15, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Homenaje de Matilde a Sabato. Archived March 17, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d Cronología de Ernesto Sabato. Archived February 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "Sabato y el Surrealismo por Daniel Vargas". Archived from the original on February 17, 2008.
- ^ Biografía de Ernesto Sabato en Solo Argentina (in Spanish)
- ^ a b Barrionuevo, Alexei (May 1, 2011). "Ernesto Sábato, Novelist and Argentina's Conscience, Dies at 99". The New York Times.
- ^ "Il Messaggero". Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
- ^ Murió Ernesto Sábato Archived October 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine InfoBae, April 30, 2011 (in Spanish)
- ^ Murio Ernesto Sábato Clarín, April 30, 2011 (in Spanish)
- ^ "Ernesto Sábato's 108th Birthday". Google. June 24, 2019.
Further reading
- Bacarisse, Salvador (1980). Abaddón el Exterminador: Sábato's Gnostic Eschatology, in Contemporary Latin American Fiction, Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh 1980 (pp. 88–109).
- (in Spanish) Bacarisse, Salvador (1983). Poncho celeste, banda punzó: la dualidad histórica argentina. Una interpretación de Sobre héroes y tumbas de Ernesto Sábato in Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos, Madrid Enero-Marzo 1983 Números 391 393.
- Conde, David (1981). Archetypal Patterns in Ernesto Sabato's Sobre héroes y tumbas.
- Foster, David William (1975). Currents in the Contemporary Argentine Novel: Arlt, Mallea, Sabato, and Cortázar.
- Francis, Nathan Travis (1973). Ernesto Sabato as a Literary Critic.
- Oberhelman, Harley D. (1970). Ernesto Sabato.
- Petersen, John Fred (1963). Ernesto Sabato: Essayist and Novelist.
- Predmore, James R. (1977). A Critical Study of the Novels of Ernesto Sabato.
- Price Munn, Nancy Elaine (1975). Ernesto Sabato: Theory and Practice of the Novel, 1945–1973.
- (in Spanish) Wainerman Gonilsky, Luis (1978 [1971]). Sábato y el misterio de los ciegos.
External links
- Quotations related to Ernesto Sabato at Wikiquote
- Media related to Ernesto Sabato at Wikimedia Commons
- Interview with Ernesto Sábato: a sense of wonder, The UNESCO Courier, August 1990
- translation Man and Mechanism
- translation The Resistance