Ernst Ruska

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Ernst Ruska
Fritz Haber Institute
Technical University of Berlin
Doctoral advisorMax Knoll
Notes
Ernst Ruska constructed the first transmission electron microscope (TEM) with his mentor Max Knoll
Electron microscope constructed by Ernst Ruska in 1933

Ernst August Friedrich Ruska (German pronunciation: [ɛʁnst ˈʁʊskaː] ⓘ; 25 December 1906 – 27 May 1988)[1] was a German physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for his work in electron optics, including the design of the first electron microscope.[2]

Life and career

Ernst Ruska was born in

electron lens, and used several coils in a series to build the first electron microscope
in 1933.

After completing his PhD in 1933, Ruska continued to work in the field of electron optics, first at

Berlin-Zehlendorf, and then from 1937 at Siemens-Reiniger-Werke AG. At Siemens, he was involved in developing the first commercially produced electron microscope in 1939. As well as developing the technology of electron microscopy while at Siemens, Ruska also worked at other scientific institutions, and encouraged Siemens to set up a laboratory for visiting researchers, which was initially headed by Ruska's brother Helmut
, a medical doctor who developed the use of the electron microscope for medical and biological applications.

After leaving Siemens in 1955, Ruska served as director of the Institute for Electron Microscopy of the Fritz Haber Institute until 1974. Concurrently, he served at the institute and as professor at the Technical University of Berlin from 1957 until his retirement in 1974.

In 1960 he won the Lasker Award.[3] In 1986, he was awarded half of the Nobel Prize in Physics for his many achievements in electron optics; Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer won a quarter each for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope. He died in West Berlin in 1988.

Asteroid 1178 Irmela, discovered by Max Wolf, is named after Ruska's wife Irmela,[4] who was Wolf's niece.[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ His Nobel bio claims he died on 25 May, while the Ruska memorial site says 27 May
  2. ISSN 0031-9228
    .
  3. ^ Browne, Malcolm W. (31 May 1988). "Ernst Ruska, a German Nobel Prize Winner, Dies at 81". NY Times.
  4. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3
    .

External links
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