Esophageal motility disorder

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Esophageal motility disorder
Other namesEsophageal dysmotility (ED)
Diagnostic methodEsophageal motility study
Functional Lumen Imaging Probe
Treatmenttreatment depends on cause

An esophageal motility disorder (EMD) is any medical disorder resulting from dysfunction of the coordinated movement of esophagus, which causes dysphagia (i.e. difficulty in swallowing, regurgitation of food).[1]

Primary Motility Disorders are:[1]

An esophageal motility disorder can also be secondary to other diseases.

Raynaud syndrome, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia.[2]

Symptoms

The most common symptom of esophageal motility disorders is

cardiac ischemia.[3]

Achalasia's most common symptoms include dysphagia (difficulty swallowing solids and liquids), regurgitation of undigested food, respiratory issues (aspiration and nocturnal cough), chest pain, and weight loss.[4]

Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) is a motility disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of chest pain or dysphagia as well as nonpropulsive (tertiary) contractions on radiographs.[5]

Nutcracker esophagus is characterized by high-amplitude peristaltic contractions that are frequently prolonged and cause dysphagia and chest pain.[6]

HLES (hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter) is a rare manometric abnormality seen among individuals with dysphagia, chest pain, gastroesophageal reflux, and/or hiatal hernia.[7]

Diagnosis

Testing to diagnose EMD includes

esophageal manometry.[8]

Treatment

There is no cure for EMD, but symptoms can be managed. Some symptom management includes eating slower and taking smaller bites; in some cases medications can be useful to manage other issues that contribute to EMD such as a proton pump inhibitor to ease gastroesophageal reflux (acid reflux), or a smooth muscle relaxant for issues with the muscles.[8]

See also

  • Functional Lumen Imaging Probe

    • References

    1. ^
      PMID 32965826
      , retrieved 2023-10-20
    2. PMID 14171636
      .
    3. ISBN 978-1-4377-3548-2
      . Retrieved November 18, 2023.
    4. ISSN 1521-6918
      . Retrieved November 18, 2023.
    5. S2CID 20620057
      . Retrieved November 18, 2023.
    6. S2CID 24020786
      . Retrieved November 18, 2023.
    7. PMID 19858590
      . Retrieved November 18, 2023.
    8. ^ a b McQuaid, Kenneth (2022). Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022. McGraw Hill.

    External links

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Esophageal_motility_disorder&oldid=1208505869"