Essential fructosuria
Essential fructosuria | |
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Other names | Ketohexokinase deficiency[1] |
Fructose | |
Specialty | Medical genetics |
Essential fructosuria, caused by a deficiency of the enzyme
This defective degradation does not cause any clinical symptoms, fructose is either excreted unchanged in the urine or metabolized to fructose-6-phosphate by alternate pathways in the body, most commonly by hexokinase in adipose tissue and muscle.[2]
Cause
Essential fructosuria is a genetic condition that is inherited in an
Diagnosis
A diagnosis of essential fructosuria is typically made after a positive routine test for reducing sugars in the urine. An additional test with glucose oxidase must also be carried out (with a negative result indicating essential fructosuria) as a positive test for reducing sugars is most often a result of
Treatment
No treatment is indicated for essential fructosuria, while the degree of fructosuria depends on the dietary fructose intake, it does not have any clinical manifestations.[2] The amount of fructose routinely lost in urine is quite small.[6] Other errors in fructose metabolism have greater clinical significance. Hereditary fructose intolerance, or the presence of fructose in the blood (fructosemia), is caused by a deficiency of aldolase B, the second enzyme involved in the metabolism of fructose. [citation needed]
This enzyme deficiency results in an accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate, which inhibits the production of glucose and results in diminished regeneration of adenosine triphosphate. Clinically, patients with hereditary fructose intolerance are much more severely affected than those with essential fructosuria, with elevated uric acid, growth abnormalities and can result in coma if untreated.[2]
References
- ^ "Essential fructosuria". Orphanet. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
- ^ ISBN 978-3-642-15719-6.
- ^ a b Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 229800
- ISBN 978-3-540-28783-4.
- PMID 28368361.
- ISBN 978-0-7216-2367-2.