Estanislao
Estanislao | |
---|---|
Born | Cucunuchi c. 1798 Río de los Laquisimes, Alta California |
Died | July 31, 1838 (aged 40) |
Cucunuchi (c. 1798 – 1838), baptized as Estanislao, was an indigenous
Early life
Estanislao was born about 1798 on the banks of the Río de Laquisimes (present-day Stanislaus River, Modesto, California).[1] According to records at Mission San José, mission padres visited the Laquisimes area in 1821 and insisted that Cucunuchi return to the mission along with his wife, daughter, and mother to receive a formal Christian education.[1] His younger brother Canocee had already visited the mission in 1820 and been baptized with the name "Orencio". Cucunuchi and his family journeyed to the mission on September 24, 1821, but his father did not go.[1] He was soon baptized with the name "Estanislao" (Spanish for Stanislaus) after his arrival at Mission >
Life at the mission
Estanislao was the alcalde of the community before he left the mission with about 400 followers in 1827. Juan Bojorques describes Estanislao in his Recuerdos sobre la historia de California (1887) as "about six feet tall, his skin was more white than bronze, he was very muscular like a horse".[1] Juan Bautista Alvarado also mentions Estanislao's literacy in History of California (1876), he writes: "Estanislao was able to read and write and stood out among the leaders of other Central California Indian tribes".[1]
The group began raiding the Missions San José,
The
Estanislao returned briefly to the Mission San Jose on May 31, 1829 to ask Father
There are multiple theories concerning the later years of his life. Estanislao returned to the Laquisimas River to lead his people. Yoscolo, a Yokuts Indian from the Mission Santa Clara, joined Estanislao's group in 1831. Yoscolo brought several hundred Indians with him from the Mission Santa Clara. Yoscolo and Estanislao led many raids against Mexican settlers. Yoscolo was different from Estanislao and did not mind killing Mexican settlers if he had to. Yoscolo sometimes wore a mask during his raids (another link to the fictional character Zorro).
During the spring of 1833,
Later life
On August 24, 1834, Estanislao returned to the Mission San Jose and prospered there while teaching others the
References
- ^ a b c d e "Oakdale Historian: His name was Cucunuchi". Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
- OCLC 644494462.
- ^ a b Stuart, David (Winter 2016). "The Native Peoples of San Joaquin County: Indian Pioneers, Immigrants, Innovators, Freedom Fighters, and Survivors Part 2" (PDF). The San Joaquin Historian. The San Joaquin County Historical Society: 13–17.
- )
- A. Louis Koue (1960). "Mission San Jose de Guadalupe". Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2006-01-24.
- Alan Rosenus (1995). General Vallejo and the advent of the Americans. ISBN 1-890771-21-X.
- Thorne B. Gray (1993). The Stanislaus Indian Wars the Last of the California Northern Yokuts. ISBN 0-930349-01-6.
- Dorothy Krell; et al. (1979). A Sunset Book The California Missions a Pictorial History. ISBN 0-376-05172-8.
- James D. Adams (2006). Estanislao – Warrior, Man of God. ISBN 0-9763091-2-2.
- Frank F. Latta (1999). Handbook of Yokuts Indians. Brewer's Historical Press, Exeter. ISBN 1-892622-09-2.
- Bruce W. Miller (1988). Chumash: A Picture of Their World. Sand River Press, Los Osos. ISBN 0-944627-51-X.