Europe 1

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Europe 1
Lagardère Active
RFM
Europe 2
History
First air date
1 January 1955; 69 years ago (1955-01-01)
Former call signs
Europe n° 1 (1955-1974)
Links
Websitewww.europe1.fr

Europe 1, (Europe un) formerly known as Europe n° 1, is a privately owned radio station created in 1955.

Lagardère Active, a subsidiary of the Lagardère Group (mass media and military-industrial complex), it was one of the leading radio broadcasting stations in France and its programmes were received throughout the country. In January 2022 the right-wing populist media mogul Vincent Bolloré took over the station.[2]

History

In 1955, to circumvent the prohibition of commercial broadcasting in France after the

Felsberg in the Saarland, Germany
.

From its beginning, Europe n°1's priorities were two-fold: first, news and cultural information with an emphasis on eyewitness accounts rather than an announcer with a script; second, shows aimed at establishing bonds with listeners, including plays, contests, informal talk, popular music, and street-level politics. In both respects, it was a departure from radio formats of the day.

In the 1960s, Europe 1 pioneered a new tone in French radio. Salut les copains became an icon of popular culture and the baby boom generation. Europe 1 played a role in the May 68 political crisis by being the principal source of information untainted by government sanction; it was nicknamed "barricade radio". In the 1970s, President Giscard d'Estaing criticized its "mocking" tone. When the industrialist Jean-Luc Lagardère (mass media and military) became president of Europe 1 group, some feared the network might lose its independent point of view.

Europe 1 also became a supplementary active member of the European Broadcasting Union in 1978 and in 1982, an active member.

Since the 1980s, Europe 1 has experienced decreases in audience, and average age of listeners has steadily increased. Both can be traced to the proliferation of FM radio, after socialist President François Mitterrand made FM private radio legal in 1981.

Europe 2. In the 1990s, Europe 1 became a news and talk network. Jean-Pierre Elkabbach became president in 2005. He was dismissed by the CSA (Comité de Surveillance de l'Audiovisuel) after announcing the death of Pascal Sevran prematurely in June 2008 and was replaced by Alexandre Bompard, former Director of the Sports at Canal+
.

In the 1990s, Europe 1 was France's fifth most popular network, with the other four being RTL (radio-television Luxembourg), France Inter (state-owned, general), NRJ (music) and France Info (state-owned, news). Then the right-wing media mogul Vincent Bolloré took over the station in January 2022.[5]

Programming

Over the last fifty years, the best-known programs on Europe 1 have included: 'Pour ceux qui aiment le jazz' ("For those who love jazz") hosted by

Top 50' (a reprise of the musical charts), and 'Le club de la presse' ("Press Club", political conversation). BBC Radio 5
had a translated version of Top 50 called Le Top (with Marc et La Mèche) from 1990 to 1994.

Noted journalists, presenters, and performers have included: Patrick Topaloff, Maurice Siegel, Jean Gorini, André Arnaud, Pierre Bouteiller, Pierre Bellemare, Francis Blanche, Daniel Filipacchi, Frank Ténot, Lucien Morisse, Robert Willar, Albert Simon, Laurent Ferrari and Madame Soleil. Former is Wendy Bouchard. She was succeeded by Laurence Ferrari in 2014.

In June 2021, Arnaud Lagardère, the then new owner of Europe 1, presented the new programming of Europe 1, which revealed an alignment of the station's programming with the news channel CNews,[6] including a joint show presented by Laurence Ferrari.[7]

This announcement led to a strike by the employees of Europe 1 expressing the concern that the station will lose its journalistic independence and become influenced by partisan politics.[7]

Europe 1 on longwave

Europe 1 has been broadcast in France, from France, through a dense FM network since 1986, but the station was also broadcast on

kHz from Felsberg in the Saarland.[citation needed
] Car radios in France scanned in 3 kHz steps making it easy to tune 183 kHz.

For

carrier frequency was properly screened to the east; the sidebands suffered less attenuation, so that, in the east, sideband reception was adequate (especially if using an SSB receiver) but distorted.[citation needed] Following the collapse of one mast in the four-mast phased array on 8 October 2012, the two-mast reserve antenna was used, resulting in a reduced signal in parts of France but a stronger and undistorted signal in northern Europe and the British Isles.[citation needed
]

Carrier frequencies on the longwave band are assigned as integer multiples of nine kHz ranging from 153 to 279 kHz. However, the Europe 1 transmitter's frequency, 183 kHz, was offset from the usual nine kHz multiples established under the

Geneva Plan.[citation needed
]

For longwave, in Felsberg, the four guyed antenna masts which were erected in 1954 and 1955 average 277 metres in height. The building where the transmitters were housed is an architecturally unusual, prestressed-concrete construction that needs no internal supporting columns. It has been designated an architectural monument by the European Union and is a protected structure.

It was reported on 23 December 2019

Lagardère Active had confirmed that the longwave service of Europe 1 would cease transmission at midnight CET
on 1 January 2020. In the event, Europe 1 longwave transmission ceased on 31 December 2019 at 23:30 CET.

Visual identity

Logos

  • First old logo of Europe 1 from 1955 until 1965.
    First old logo of Europe 1 from 1955 until 1965.
  • Old logo of Europe 1 from 1965 until 2001.
    Old logo of Europe 1 from 1965 until 2001.
  • Old logo of Europe 1 from 2001 until 2005.
    Old logo of Europe 1 from 2001 until 2005.
  • Old logo of Europe 1 from 2005 until 2010.
    Old logo of Europe 1 from 2005 until 2010.
  • The logo of Europe 1 since 23 August 2010.
    The logo of Europe 1 since 23 August 2010.

Hosts

Former presenters

Former journalists

Former columnists

See also

References

  1. ^ "Europe 1 fête ses 60 ans et cherche un nouveau souffle". Le Point (in French). 2 February 2015. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  2. ^ "Radio: Bolloré n'enraye pas la chute des audiences à Europe 1". 14 January 2022.
  3. ^ "30 ans après la libéralisation des ondes françaises, que reste-il des radios libres ?". France Culture. 10 November 2011.
  4. ^ "La mémoire de la FM > Histoire des radios". SchooP.
  5. ^ "Radio: Bolloré n'enraye pas la chute des audiences à Europe 1". 14 January 2022.
  6. ^ Durel, Lionel (22 June 2021). "Europe 1: Matthieu Belliard quitte la station, Laurence Ferrari et Agathe Lecaron arrivent" [Europe 1: Matthieu Belliard leaves the station, Laurence Ferrari and Agathe Lecaron join]. 24matins.fr (in French). Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  7. ^ a b Wessbecher, Louise; de Villaines, Astrid (21 June 2021). "Le propriétaire d'Europe1 annonce une émission commune avec CNews en pleine grève" [The owner of Europe 1 announces a new joint show with CNews, in the midst of a strike]. Huffington Post (in French). Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  8. ^ "Ydun's Medium Wave Info". Ydun's Medium Wave Info. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Europe 1.

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