Extradition Clause
The Extradition Clause or Interstate Rendition Clause
Text
Article IV, Section 2, Clause 2:
A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
History
Similar to a clause found in the Articles of Confederation, the Extradition Clause was included because the founders found that interstate rendition was separate from international extradition. Fearing that the clause was not self-executing, Congress passed the first rendition act in 1793 – now found under 18 U.S.C. § 3182.[1]
Interpretation
Kentucky v. Dennison
According to a book review in The New York Times in January 2015:
The
fugitive slave clause — Article IV, Section 2 — was woven into the Constitution at the insistence of the Southern delegates, leading South Carolina's Charles Cotesworth Pinckney to boast, "We have obtained a right to recover our slaves in whatever part of America they may take refuge, which is a right we had not before."[2]
The meaning of the Extradition Clause was first tested before the
Puerto Rico v. Branstad
In 1987, the court reversed its decision under Dennison. The case involved an Iowan, Ronald Calder, who struck a married couple near
Fugitives for whom extradition had been refused under the former rule are now subject to extradition.[3]
References
- ^ ISBN 1-59698-001-X.
- ^ Quote taken from book review by Kevin Baker, Jan. 28, 2015 of Gateway to Freedom by Eric Foner"
- ^ See Alabama ex rel. Governor v. Engler, 85 F.3d 1205 (6th Cir. 1996) (ordering the Michigan Governor to hand over an Alabama fugitive).