Eye, Suffolk
Eye | ||
---|---|---|
Shire county | ||
Region | ||
Country | England | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom | |
Post town | EYE | |
Postcode district | IP23 | |
Dialling code | 01379 | |
Police | Suffolk | |
Fire | Suffolk | |
Ambulance | East of England | |
UK Parliament | ||
Eye (
Etymology
The town of Eye derives its name from the Old English word for "island, land by water"[3] It is thought that the first settlement on the site was almost surrounded by water and marshland formed by the Dove and its tributaries. The area remains prone to flooding close to the river.[4]
History
There have been
In 1781 labourers unearthed a lead box by the river at Clint Farm in Eye, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Scole and 2 miles (3.2 km) south–west of Hoxne. It contained some 600 Roman gold coins from the reigns of Valens and Valentinian I (reigned 364–375), Gratian (375–383), Theodosius I (378–395), Arcadius (395–408) and Honorius (393–423).[5]
Eye before the
In 1066–1071, Malet built a castle as his military and administrative headquarters and started a market that initiated the urbanisation of Eye. In 1086–1087, William's son
Eye began to lose its strategic importance after 1173 when the
Eye was once the smallest borough in the country, its claim based on the 1205
The notable Cornwallis family was established at nearby Brome Hall in the 14th century. Individuals from the family, such as Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, represented Suffolk county[clarification needed] in the House of Commons over the next three hundred years.[citation needed]
The Lordship of the Manor of Eye (Sokemere) and Constableship of the Castle is held by the Palmer family of Haughley in Suffolk. The current Lord is Kieron Palmer of Haughley, succeeding his father Kenneth Palmer. The Manor was held by the Malet family in Norman times, Henry Earl of Brabant, the De Ufford, De la Pole, Cornwallis and Kerrison families as well as King Stephen, Edward I, Mary I and Thomas Beckett in previous years. Known as the Honour of Eye, it consisted of 129 manors and had the right to a court of pie poudre at its Whit Monday market fairs and those of Thrandeston and Finningham.[12]
The earliest mention of industry in Eye records that in 1673 "the women's employ in this town is making of bone
Eye Airfield, to the north-east of the town, began as RAF Eye, occupied by the 490th Bomb Group of the USAAF's VIII Bomber Command during the Second World War.[14]
Services and amenities
Eye today has a population of just over 2000.[1] Hartismere School provides secondary education and St Peter and St Paul CE Primary School primary education. It has a health centre, a library, a police station and a retained fire station. A community hospital opened in 2012, after a previous one closed in 2005.[15]
The town's Guildhall is a Grade I listed building now converted into a private residence.[16] Eye Town Hall, an imaginative and unorthodox building dating from 1856 and listed Grade II*, was designed by Edward Buckton Lamb.[17]
Church of St Peter and St Paul
The Grade 1 listed Church of St Peter and St Paul from the 14th century is seen as one of the finest in the county.[18][19]
A 13th-century
The tower of the church is 107 feet (33 metres) high to the tip of the pinnacles.[20]
Notable residents
In birth order:
- Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington (1674–1743) MP for Eye, Speaker of the House of Commons from 1715 to 1727, went on to become the second Prime Minister from 1742 to 1743 after Robert Walpole.
- Rear-Admiral Sir French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
- British army officers, saw action during the Battle of Waterloo.
- Concordia Merrel (1886–1962), actor and writer, lived and died in Eye.
- Sir Frederick Ashton (1904–1988), ballet dancer and Choreographer with The Royal Ballet, lived at Chandos Lodge in Eye, behind a local landmark known as the Crinkle Crackle Wall. He also lived in Yaxley, where he is buried alongside his sister.
- Cavendish Morton (1911–2015), artist, lived in Eye and was art therapist to Hartismere Hospital. He twice become Town Mayor. He exhibited from Stanley House in Eye, in 1977, two pictures: Waves-Aldeburgh and Breakers-Aldeburgh.[21]
- Janet Frame (1924–2004), New Zealand author, rented a cottage at nearby Braiseworth for a period in 1963–1964, where she began a novel, An Adaptable Man, set in the local area. Eye is fictionalised as "Murston".
- Helen Fraser (born 1942), actress, lives in Eye.[22]
- Brian Capron (born 1947), actor, was born in Eye.
- Matthew Upson (born 1979), professional footballer, was born in Eye.
- Stuart O'Keefe (born 1991), professional footballer, was born in Eye.
See also
References
- ^ United Kingdom Census 2011. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
- ^ City Population.
- ISBN 0-19-869103-3.
- ^ History of Eye. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
- ^ ISBN 0-901405-48-5
- ^ "Monument record EYE 003 - Waterloo Plantation (Saxon)". Suffolk Heritage Explorer. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ a b Open Domesday Online: Eye
- ^ a b "Eye Castle". Castles, Forts, Battles. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ Historic England. "Remains of Eye Priory at Abbey Farm (1020174)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 91.
- ^ "Parliamentry Constituencies" (PDF). British Library. p. 129. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ Whites Directory, 1844, p. 330/331.
- ^ "Monument record EYE 135 - Eye Railway Branch". Suffolk Heritage Explorer. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ "Eye". American Air Museum in Britain. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- ^ Hartismere Hospital in Eye officially opens, Eastern Daily Press, 1 July 2012. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "The Guildhall (1316621)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ Historic England. "Town Hall (1316536)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ^ a b Church of St Peter and St Paul, Eye, British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
- ^ St Peter and St Paul, Eye, Suffolk churches website. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-500-34314-2.
- ^ "Suffolk Artists - MORTON, Cavendish".
- ^ Clarke, Andrew (28 May 2013). "Bad Girl Helen Fraser's journey back to the beginning of a dramatic career". Retrieved 9 June 2022.
Bibliography
- Clive Paine, 1993, The History of Eye ISBN 0-9522509-0-X
- S. E. West, 1998, "A Corpus of Anglo-Saxon material from Suffolk", East Anglian Archaeology 84, pp. 35–36