Ezeiza massacre

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Ezeiza massacre
A person being pulled up on the platform where Perón would have talked.
Location	Puente 12, 10 km on the access road from Ezeiza International Airport, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Coordinates	34°43′21″S 58°30′48″W / 34.722438°S 58.513419°W / -34.722438; -58.513419
Date	June 20, 1973; 50 years ago (1973-06-20)
Target	Left-wing Peronist masses
Attack type	Sniper massacre
Weapons	Sniper rifles
Deaths	13 (at least)
Injured	365 (at least)
Perpetrators	Orthodox Peronism

The Ezeiza massacre (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈsejsa]) took place on June 20, 1973, at Puente 12,^[1] the intersection of General Ricchieri freeway (the Ezeiza Airport access) and Camino de Cintura (provincial route 4), some 10 km from Ezeiza International Airport in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

From Perón's platform, camouflaged snipers from the right-wing of Peronism opened fire on the crowd. The left-wing

According to Clarín newspaper, the real number is thought to be much higher.^[4] No official investigation was ever performed to confirm these higher estimates.

People involved

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The Ezeiza massacre marked the end of the alliance of left and right-wing Peronists which Perón had managed to form. Héctor Cámpora represented the main figure of the left-wing and

right-wing death squad.

A populist and a nationalist, Perón was popular from the far-left to the far-right, but this conjunction of forces ended that day. During his exile, Perón himself had supported both young left-wing Peronists, whose icons included

.

The tribune had been set up at Puente 12 by Lieutenant-Colonel

and other right-wing sectors were also on Perón's tribune, facing the left-wing groups in the crowds (FAR, Montoneros, JP and others — the FAP had disarmed on May 25, 1973).

Italian terrorist Stefano Delle Chiaie, who worked in Operation Gladio but also maintained links with the Chilean DINA and Turkish Grey Wolves member Abdullah Çatlı, was also present at Ezeiza, according to investigations by Spanish judge Baltasar Garzón.^[5] Carlos "El Indio" Castillo, member of the Concentración Nacionalista Universitaria (CNU), also took part in the massacre.^[6]

Political context

The massacre had been planned to effect the removal of president Héctor Cámpora, a moderate of the left-wing, from power. During Cámpora's first month of governing, approximately 600 social conflicts,

Workers managed to obtain wage increases and better working conditions. The workers' movement had gathered the sympathy of large sectors, sometimes anti-Peronist, of the middle classes. On June 2, 1973, José Ignacio Rucci, general secretary of the CGT, had responded to a Cuban delegate to the CGT congress asking for a toast in honour of Che Guevara, that they were against left-wing imperialism.^{[citation needed]} The Peronist right-wing gradually took control of the whole of the trade union organization, placing people close to the leader José Ignacio Rucci.

Effects

The Ezeiza massacre marked the end of the transition period of Cámpora, who had succeeded the military dictatorship of general

See also

• List of massacres in Argentina

References

External links

• (in Spanish) Ezeiza, Contrapunto, Buenos Aires, 1985 by Horacio Verbitsky
• (in Spanish) La masacre de Ezeiza, El Litoral, Santa Fe, 23 June 2010 (retrieved 2011-07-24)
• (in Spanish) El hombre que fue izado de los pelos, ElArgentino.com, 2008 (retrieved 2011-07-24)