Fars province
Fars Province
استان فارس | |
|---|---|
  _(cropped).JPG) .jpg) _(cropped).jpg)  Clockwise from top right: the Shiraz | |
| Counties | 37 |
| Government | |
| • Governor-general | Mohammad-Hadi Imanieh |
| • MPs of Assembly of Experts | 1 Ahmad Beheshti 2 Ali Akbar Kalantari 3 Assad-Allah Imani 4 Lotfollah Dezhkam 5 Seyed Ali Asghar Dastgheib 6 Mohammad Faghie |
| • Representative of the Supreme Leader | Lotfollah Dezhkam |
| Area | |
| • Total | 122,608 km2 (47,339 sq mi) |
| Population (2016)[2] | |
| • Total | 4,851,274 |
| • Estimate (2020) | 5,051,000[1] |
| • Density | 40/km2 (100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+03:30 (IRST) |
| Area code | 071 |
| ISO 3166 code | IR-07 |
| Main language(s) | |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 4,220,721 | — |
| 2011 | 4,596,658 | +8.9% |
| 2016 | 4,851,274 | +5.5% |
Fars Province (
At the 2006 census, the province numbered 4,220,721 people in 1,014,690 households.[7] As of the following census in 2011, Fars had a population of 4,596,658 people in 1,250,135 households, of whom 67.6% were registered as urban dwellers (urban/suburbs), 32.1% villagers (small town/rural), and 0.3% nomad tribes.[8] The most recent census in 2016 counted 4,851,274 people in 1,443,027 households.[2]
Fars is the historical homeland of the
Etymology
The Persian word Fârs (فارس), derived from the earlier form Pârs (پارس), which is in turn derived from Pârsâ (𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿), the Old Persian name for the Persis region. The names Parsa and Persia originate from this region.[13]
Administrative divisions
| Administrative Divisions | 2006[7] | 2011[8] | 2016[2] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abadeh County | 87,203 | 98,188 | 100,831 |
| Arsanjan County | 40,916 | 41,476 | 42,725 |
| Bakhtegan County1 | — | — | — |
| Bavanat County | 44,069 | 48,416 | 50,418 |
| Beyza County2 | — | — | — |
| Darab County | 172,938 | 189,345 | 201,489 |
| Eqlid County | 99,003 | 93,975 | 93,763 |
| Estahban County | 66,391 | 66,172 | 68,850 |
| Evaz County3 | — | — | — |
| Farashband County | 38,679 | 42,760 | 45,459 |
| Fasa County | 188,189 | 203,129 | 205,187 |
| Firuzabad County | 111,973 | 119,721 | 121,417 |
| Gerash County3 | — | 47,055 | 53,907 |
| Jahrom County | 197,331 | 209,312 | 228,532 |
| Juyom County3 | — | — | — |
| Kavar County4 | — | 77,836 | 83,883 |
| Kazerun County | 258,097 | 254,704 | 266,217 |
| Khafr County5 | — | — | — |
Kherameh County 4 |
— | 61,580 | 54,864 |
| Khonj County | 37,978 | 41,133 | 41,359 |
| Khorrambid County | 44,669 | 50,252 | 50,522 |
| Kuhchenar County6 | — | — | — |
| Lamerd County | 76,971 | 83,916 | 91,782 |
| Larestan County | 223,235 | 226,879 | 213,920 |
| Mamasani County | 162,694 | 116,386 | 117,527 |
| Marvdasht County | 294,621 | 307,492 | 323,434 |
| Mohr County | 54,094 | 59,727 | 64,827 |
| Neyriz County | 105,241 | 113,750 | 113,291 |
| Pasargad County | 29,825 | 31,504 | 30,118 |
| Qir and Karzin County | 61,432 | 65,045 | 71,203 |
| Rostam County7 | — | 46,851 | 44,386 |
| Sarchehan County8 | — | — | — |
| Sarvestan County4 | — | 40,531 | 38,114 |
| Sepidan County | 87,801 | 89,398 | 91,049 |
| Shiraz County | 1,676,927 | 1,700,687 | 1,869,001 |
| Zarqan County4 | — | — | — |
| Zarrin Dasht County | 60,444 | 69,438 | 73,199 |
| Total | 4,220,721 | 4,596,658 | 4,851,274 |
| 1Separated from Neyriz County 2Separated from Sepidan County 3Separated from Larestan County 4Separated from Shiraz County 5Separated from Jahrom County 6Separated from Kazerun County 7Separated from Mamasani County 8Separated from Bavanat County | |||
Cities
According to the 2016 census, 3,401,675 people (over 70% of the population of Fars province) live in the following cities:
Most populous cities
The following sorted table lists the most populous cities in Fars according to the 2016 census results announced by the Statistical Center of Iran.[2]
|
Rank | City | County | Population |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shiraz | Shiraz | 1,565,572 | ||
| 2 | Marvdasht | Marvdasht | 148,858 | ||
| 3 | Jahrom | Jahrom | 141,634 | ||
| 4 | Fasa | Fasa | 110,825 | ||
| 5 | Kazerun | Kazerun | 96,683 | ||
| 6 | Sadra | Shiraz | 91,863 | ||
| 7 | Darab | Darab | 70,232 | ||
| 8 | Firuzabad | Firuzabad | 65,417 | ||
| 9 | Lar | Larestan | 62,045 | ||
| 10 | Abadeh | Abadeh | 59,116 |
Demographics
The main ethnic group in the province consists of
constitute minorities.Due to the geographical characteristics of Fars and its proximity to the Persian Gulf, Fars has long been a residing area for various peoples and rulers of Iran. However, the tribes of Fars including, Mamasani Lurs, Khamseh and Kohkiluyeh have kept their native and unique cultures and lifestyles which constitute part of the cultural heritage of Iran attracting many tourists. Kurdish tribes include Uriad, Zangana, Chegini, Kordshuli and Kuruni.[14]
Among the hundreds of thousands of
History
Persis
The ancient
The Achaemenid Empire was defeated by
The Seleucid Empire was subsequently defeated by the
Babak was the ruler of a small town called Kheir. Babak's efforts in gaining local power at the time escaped the attention of
managed to expand their power over all of Persis.The subsequent events are unclear. Following the death of Babak around 220, Ardashir who at the time was the governor of Darabgird, got involved in a power struggle of his own with his elder brother Shapur. The sources tell us that in 222, Shapur was killed when the roof of a building collapsed on him.[citation needed]
At this point, Ardashir moved his capital further to the south of Persis and founded a capital at
Artabanus marched a second time against Ardashir I in 224. Their armies clashed at
The Sassanids ruled for 425 years, until the Muslim armies conquered the empire. Afterwards, the Persians started to convert to Islam, this making it much easier for the new Muslim empire to continue the expansion of Islam.
Persis then passed hand to hand through numerous
Climate and wildlife
There are three distinct climatic regions in the Fars Province. First, the mountainous area of the north and northwest with moderate cold winters and mild summers. Secondly, the central regions, with relatively rainy mild winters, and hot dry summers. The third region located in the south and southeast has cold winters with hot summers. The average temperature of Shiraz is 16.8 °C, ranging between 4.7 °C and 29.2 °C.[19]
The geographical and climatic variation of the province causes varieties of plants; consequently, variation of wildlife has been formed in the province. Additional to the native animals of the province, many kinds of birds migrate to the province every year.
The province of Fars includes many protected wildlife zones. The most important protected zones are:
- Toot Siah (Black Berry) Hunt Forbidden Zone, which is located at the end of Boanat region.
- Basiran Hunt Forbidden Zone, which is located 4 kilometers south to Abadeh;
- Bamu National Park, which is located north-east of Shiraz;
- Estahban Forest Park (Parke Jangaly), which is located on the outskirts of Touraj mountain;
- Hermoodlar Protected Zone, which is located east to Larestan.[20]
Arjan Meadow 22 km2 (8.5 sq mi) and
Economy
Agriculture is of great importance in Fars.
Transportation
]Higher education
The Fars Province is home to many higher education institutes and universities. The main universities of the province include
Notable people
 |
- Achaemenian Empire
- Sassanian Empire
- Karim Khan, founder of the Zand dynasty
- Lotf Ali Khan, the last ruler of the Zand dynasty
- Saadi, writer and poet, born and died in Shiraz
- Hafez Shirazi, poet, born and died in Shiraz
- Barbad, the Persian musician of the Sassanid era, born in Jahrom
- Mulla Sadra, Iranian Shia Islamic philosopher and theologian
- Qotb al-Din Kazeruni, born in Kazerun
- Mansur Hallaj, Persian mystic, killed in the 9th century AD
- Salman the Persian, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the first Persian who converted to Islam
- Gholamhossein Saber, artist
- Reza Malekzadeh, born in Kazerun
- Christiane Amanpour's father is originally from Sarvestan, Fars.
- Sibawayh, one of the founders of Arabic grammar, died in Shiraz
- Hakim Salman Jahromi, the special doctor of Abbas the Great. He was from Jahrom.
- Ibn Muqaffa, or Ruzbeh Dadwayh, Persian writer and translator from the 8th century AD
- Zahra Kazemi, photographer, born in Shiraz
- Ladan and Laleh Bijani, famous conjoined twins, born in Shiraz
- Khwaju Kermani, buried in Shiraz
- Jamshid Amouzegar
- Seyyed Zia'eddin Tabatabaee, born in Shiraz
- Ibn Khafif, a 9th-century sage, buried in Shiraz
- Sheikh Ruzbehan
- Afshin Ghotbi, football manager of Iranian National Team
- Persian Jewishpoet and wiseman
- Junayd Shirazi
- Mohsen Kadivar
- Ata'ollah Mohajerani, representative of Shiraz in the Majlis
- Saeed Emami
- Gholam Reza Azhari
- Siyyid Mírzá 'Alí-Muhammad, the Báb
- Mohammad Hashem Pesaran, the most honored Iranian economist
- Iranian-American scientist and the associate director of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), responsible for Project Formulation and Strategy. He was born in Shiraz.
- filmmakerand literary figure
- Kaveh Golestan, photojournalist and artist
- Habibollah Peyman, Iranian politician
- Mohsen Safaei Farahani, Iranian politician
- Simin Daneshvar, academic, renowned novelist, fiction writer and translator
References
- ^ Amar. "توجه: تفاوت در سرجمع به دليل گرد شدن ارقام به رقم هزار مي باشد. (in Persian)". Retrieved September 29, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 07. Archived from the original (Excel) on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ "پرتال سازمان ميراث فرهنگي، صنایع دستی و گردشگري > استانها > فارس > آداب و رسوم". 11 January 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012.
- ^ "Luz | ISO 639-3".
- ^ Sykes, Percy (1921). A History of Persia. London: Macmillan and Company. p. 5.
- ^ "استانهای کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند" [The Provinces of the Country Were Divided Into 5 Regions]. Hamshahri Online (in Persian). 22 June 2014. Archived from the original on 23 June 2014.
- ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 07. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)" (Excel). Iran Data Portal (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 07. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ISBN 9780520255609– via Google Books.
- ^ a b Xavier de Planhol (24 January 2012). "FĀRS i. Geography". Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. IX. pp. ?–336.
The name of Fārs is undoubtedly attested in Assyrian sources since the third millennium B.C.E. under the form Parahše. Originally, it was the "land of horses" of the Sumerians (Herzfeld, pp. 181-82, 184-86). The name was adopted by Iranian tribes which established themselves there in the 9th century B.C.E. in the west and southwest of Urmia lake. The Parsua (Pārsa) are mentioned there for the first time in 843 B.C.E., during the reign of Salmanassar III, and then, after they migrated to the southeast (Boehmer, pp. 193-97), the name was transferred, between 690 and 640, to a region previously called Anšan (q.v.) in Elamite sources (Herzfeld, pp. 169-71, 178-79, 186). From that moment the name acquired the connotation of an ethnic region, the land of the Persians, and the Persians soon thereafter founded the vast Achaemenid empire. A never-ending confusion thus set in between a narrow, limited, geographical usage of the term—Persia in the sense of the land where the aforesaid Persian tribes had shaped the core of their power—and a broader, more general usage of the term to designate the much larger area affected by the political and cultural radiance of the Achaemenids. The confusion between the two senses of the word was continuous, fueled by the Greeks who used the name Persai to designate the entire empire. It lasted through the centuries of Arab domination, as Fārs, the term used by Muslims, was merely the Arabicized version of the initial name.
- ISBN 9004091726.
- ^ Zargaran, Arman. "The City of Shiraz and Fars Province, the root of medical sciences in the history." (2012): 103-104.
- ^ Zangiabadi, A., and M. Akbari. "Assessment and Analysis of Development Indicator in Township of Fars Province." (2011): 113-122.
- ^ a b P. Oberling, "FĀRS vii. Ethnography", Encyclopaedia Iranica>"FĀRS vii. Ethnography". 31 May 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-8160-5722-1.
- ^ The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3 (1), p. 299
- ^ The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3 (1), p. 302
- ISBN 9781846031083.
- ^ کشور, پورتال سازمان هواشناسی. "اقلیم استان فارس". www.irimo.ir. Archived from the original on 2020-01-15. Retrieved 2017-03-19.
- ^ a b "Iran fars-shiraz". www.irantour.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-19. Retrieved 2007-09-01.
- ^ Humphreys, P., Kahrom, E. (1999). Lion and Gazelle: The Mammals and Birds of Iran. Images Publishing, Avon.
- ISBN 978-1-85043-946-2.
- ^ "Farmers' participation in agricultural development: The case of Fars province, Iran". www.indjst.org.
- ISBN 9781490109169.
Bibliography
- ISBN 978-1-4008-5322-9.
External links
- Province of Fars on Iran Chamber Society
- MIT. Archived from the originalon 2021-11-02. Retrieved 2017-02-11. (Bibliography)
- Fars Tourist Attractions
Places adjacent to Fars province | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
