Fatih

Coordinates: 41°01′03″N 28°56′26″E / 41.01746°N 28.94053°E / 41.01746; 28.94053
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Fatih
Istanbul
Government
 • MayorMehmet Ergün Turan (AKP)
Area
15 km2 (6 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
368,227
 • Density25,000/km2 (64,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Area code0212
Websitewww.fatih.bel.tr

Fatih (Turkish pronunciation:

Bosphorus Strait
.

Fatih Istanbul by Oldypak lp photo
Panorama of Istanbul taken from Galata tower. Shown from left to right is the Asian side of the city, Topkapi palace, Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, Galata bridge and New Mosque.
panorama of Fatih
The Great Walls of Constantinople.
Column of Constantine.

History

Byzantine era

Historic Byzantine districts encompassed by present-day Fatih include: Exokiónion, Aurelianae, Xerólophos,

Altımermer), Philopátion, Deúteron and Vlachernaí
.

Ottoman period

The name "Fatih" comes from the

Fatih Mosque built by Mehmed II is in this district, while his resting place is next to the mosque and is much visited. Fatih Mosque was built on the ruins of the Church of the Holy Apostles, destroyed by earthquakes and years of war. A large madrasa
complex was also built around the mosque.

Immediately after the conquest, groups of Islamic scholars transformed the major churches of Hagia Sophia and the Pantocrator (today the Zeyrek Mosque) into mosques, but the Fatih Mosque and its surrounding complex was the first purpose-built Islamic seminary within the city walls. The building of the mosque complex ensured that the area continued to thrive beyond the conquest; markets grew up to support the thousands of workers involved in the building and to supply them with materials, and then to service the students in the seminary. The area quickly became a Turkish neighbourhood with a particularly pious character due to the seminary. Some of this piety has endured until today.

Following the conquest, the

Sufi
orders, and Sheikh Ebü’l Vefa in particular was of major importance in the city and was very fond of Fatih. Many other mosques, schools, baths, and fountains in the area were built by military leaders and officials in the Ottoman court. From the 18th century onwards, Istanbul started to grow outside the walls, and then began the transformation of Fatih into the heavily residential district, dominated by concrete apartment housing, that it remains today. This process was accelerated over the years by fires which destroyed whole neighbourhoods of wooden houses, and a major earthquake in 1766, which destroyed the Fatih Mosque and many of the surrounding buildings (subsequently rebuilt). Fires continued to ravage the old city, and the wide roads that run through the area today are a legacy of all that burning. There are few wooden buildings left in Fatih today, although right up until the 1960s, the area was covered with narrow streets of wooden buildings. Nowadays, the district is largely made up of narrow streets with tightly packed 5- or 6-floor apartment buildings. The confectioner
Sultan Abdulaziz.[4]

Fatih today

At present, Fatih contains areas including

Patriarchate of Constantinople has had its headquarters in the relatively modest Church of St. George in the Fener
neighborhood of Fatih.

Fatih has many theatres, including the famous

Sultanahmet, and finally to Aksaray
, which is a part of Fatih.

Also, besides the headquarters, some main units of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, including the city's fire department, are based in Fatih.

Fatih has many historic and modern libraries, including the Edirnekapı Halk Kütüphanesi, Fener Rum Patrikhanesi Kütüphanesi (the Library of the Patriarchate), Hekimoğlu Ali Paşa Halk Kütüphanesi, İstanbul University Library, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Kütüphanesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Kardiyoloji Ensitütüsü Kütüphanesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hulusi Behçet Kitaplığı, İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kadın Eserleri Kütüphanesi, Millet Kütüphanesi, Mizah Kütüphanesi, Murat Molla Halk Kütüphanesi, Ragıppaşa Kütüphanesi, and Yusufpaşa Halk Kütüphanesi.

On the other hand, today Fatih is known as one of the most conservative religious areas of Istanbul because of the religious residents of the

Sufi order affiliated to Sheikh Mahmut Ustaosmanoğlu. Conservative political parties always do well in this area. Küçükçekmece, Başakşehir, Bağcılar, Gaziosmanpaşa, Esenler, Bayrampaşa, Zeytinburnu, and Fatih are home to asylum seekers of Syrian origin.[5]

Climate

Fatih experiences a Mediterranean climate (Csa/Cs) according to both Köppen and Trewartha climate classifications, with cool winters and warm to hot summers. It is in USDA hardiness zone 9a and AHS heat zone 4.[6]

Climate data for Fatih
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 8.6
(47.5)
8.7
(47.7)
10.7
(51.3)
15.8
(60.4)
20.6
(69.1)
25.3
(77.5)
27.6
(81.7)
27.4
(81.3)
24.2
(75.6)
19.4
(66.9)
15.0
(59.0)
11.0
(51.8)
17.9
(64.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 5.9
(42.6)
5.9
(42.6)
7.3
(45.1)
11.6
(52.9)
16.2
(61.2)
20.7
(69.3)
23.2
(73.8)
23.2
(73.8)
20.0
(68.0)
15.8
(60.4)
11.7
(53.1)
8.3
(46.9)
14.2
(57.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.1
(37.6)
3.0
(37.4)
3.9
(39.0)
7.4
(45.3)
11.8
(53.2)
16.0
(60.8)
19.1
(66.4)
19.3
(66.7)
15.7
(60.3)
12.1
(53.8)
8.4
(47.1)
5.5
(41.9)
10.4
(50.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 101
(4.0)
69
(2.7)
70
(2.8)
51
(2.0)
33
(1.3)
31
(1.2)
23
(0.9)
32
(1.3)
46
(1.8)
71
(2.8)
90
(3.5)
122
(4.8)
739
(29.1)
Source: [7]

Neighborhoods

the Blue Mosque is a marvel of the Ottoman architecture in Istanbul

There are 57

neighbourhoods in Fatih District:[8]

  • Aksaray
  • Akşemsettin
  • Alemdar
  • Ali Kuşçu
  • Atikali
  • Ayvansaray
  • Balabanağa
  • Balat
  • Beyazıt
  • Binbirdirek
  • Cankurtaran
  • Cerrahpaşa
  • Cibali
  • Demirtaş
  • Derviş Ali
  • Emin Sinan
  • Hacı Kadın
  • Haseki Sultan
  • Hırka-İ Şerif
  • Hobyar
  • Hoca Gıyasettin
  • Hocapaşa
  • İskenderpaşa
  • Kalenderhane
  • Karagümrük
  • Katip Kasım
  • Kemalpaşa
  • Koca Mustafapaşa
  • Küçük Ayasofya
  • Mercan
  • Mesihpaşa
  • Mevlanakapı
  • Mimar Hayrettin
  • Mimar Kemalettin
  • Mollafenari
  • Mollagürani
  • Molla Hüsrev
  • Muhsine Hatun
  • Nişanca
  • Rüstempaşa
  • Saraç İshak
  • Sarıdemir
  • Şehremini
  • Şehsuvar Bey
  • Seyyid Ömer
  • Silivrikapı
  • Süleymaniye
  • Sultan Ahmet
  • Sümbül Efendi
  • Sururi
  • Tahtakale
  • Taya Hatun
  • Topkapı
  • Yavuz Sinan
  • Yavuz Sultan Selim
  • Yedikule
  • Zeyrek

Historical sites

view of blue mosque, Hagia Sophia, and old Istanbul
  • Ottoman sultans
  • Hagia Sophia - historical patriarchal cathedral of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire's capital city, later converted into a mosque, then a museum, then a mosque again.
  • Süleymaniye – the huge mosque complex of Suleiman the Magnificent;
  • Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum – formerly the palace of Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha, a prominent grand vizier during the early reign of Suleiman the Magnificent.
  • Yeni Mosque
    (The new mosque) – the mosque that dominates the waterfront by the Galata Bridge; there is a wide open space in front where people feed the pigeons.
  • Grand Bazaar – as much to look at as to shop in.
  • Spice Bazaar
    – another Ottoman caravanserai, not as huge as the Grand Bazaar but right on the water, next to the Yeni Mosque;
  • Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque – in Kadirga District (the Byzantine Sophianòn Limin in Greek
    ).

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1935172,902—    
1940160,589−1.47%
1945181,025+2.42%
1950226,853+4.62%
1955286,733+4.80%
1960300,594+0.95%
1965344,602+2.77%
1970417,662+3.92%
1975504,127+3.83%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1980474,578−1.20%
1985497,459+0.95%
1990462,464−1.45%
1997432,590−0.95%
2007422,941−0.23%
2012428,857+0.28%
2017433,873+0.23%
2022368,227−3.23%
Source: Population censuses (1935–1997)[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and TÜIK (2007–2022)[1]

Media

The offices of the magazine Servet-i Fünun were in "Stamboul" (what is now Fatih district) during the magazine's existence.[22]

Visitor attractions

Today, there are still remnants of the sea walls along the Golden Horn and along the Marmara shore, to give a sense of the shape of the old

Fatih Mosque
itself. The tombs of some of the famous
Gazi Osman Pasha
. Fatih also has a collection of various cuisines (Syrian, Korean, Indian).

International relations

Fatih is

twinned
with:

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Population Of Municipalities, Villages And Quarters". TÜIK. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
  2. ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  3. ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  4. ^ "Sweets that saw the birth of modern Turkey". June 2019.
  5. ^ HAYATA DESTEK (31 August 2013). Syrian Refugees in Turkey (PDF) (Report). SUPPORT TO LIFE. pp. 4–5.
  6. ^ "Bitki Soğuğa ve Sıcağa Dayanıklılık". www.mgm.gov.tr. Retrieved 2021-04-28.
  7. ^ "Fatih - Weather History & Climate Data - Meteostat". meteostat.net. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  8. ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  9. ^ "1935 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1935. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 August 2022.
  10. ^ "1940 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1940. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 June 2022.
  11. ^ "1945 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1945. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 August 2022.
  12. ^ "1950 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1950. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022.
  13. ^ "1955 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1955. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 August 2021.
  14. ^ "1960 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1960. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 July 2022.
  15. ^ "1965 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1965. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 May 2022.
  16. ^ "1970 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1970. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 August 2022.
  17. ^ "1975 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1975. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 August 2022.
  18. ^ "1980 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1980. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2022.
  19. ^ "1985 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1986. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 May 2021.
  20. ^ "1990 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1991. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 August 2021.
  21. ^ "1997 Population Count" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1999. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2022.
  22. ^ "Not stated". Servet-i Fünun (1332). 1917-01-04.
  23. ^ "Wiesbaden's international city relations". Retrieved 24 December 2012.

External links

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