Federal parliamentary republic

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A federal parliamentary republic refers to a federation of states with a republican form of government that is, more or less, dependent upon the confidence of parliaments at both the national and sub-national levels. It is a combination of the government republic and the parliamentary republic.

Such republics usually possess a bicameral legislature at the federal level out of necessity, so as to allow for a set, often equal number of representatives of the sub-national entities to sit in the upper house; however, the government, headed by a head of government, will be depending upon the lower house of parliament for its stability or legitimacy. If there is any confusion, this means that the government and the parliament share equal control, being a mix of the two.

List of federal parliamentary republics

Federation Official style Head of state elected by Head of state Head of government Head of government elected by
 Austria
Republic of Austria
Direct, by second-round system President of Austria Chancellor of Austria Parliament, by majority
 Ethiopia
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Parliament
, by two-thirds majority
President of Ethiopia Prime Minister of Ethiopia
Parliament
 Germany
Federal Republic of Germany
Federal Assembly
(parliament and state delegates)
,

by absolute majority

President of Germany
Chancellor of Germany
Parliament, by absolute majority
 India
Republic of India
Electoral College, parliament and state legislators, by single transferable vote[1] President of India Prime Minister of India Lower House of Parliament, by absolute majority[1]
 Iraq
Republic of Iraq
Regions of Iraq
President of Iraq Prime Minister
Parliament
, by two-thirds majority
 Micronesia Federated States of Micronesia
Subdivisions of Micronesia
President of Micronesia
Parliament
, by majority
   Nepal
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
Subdivisions of Nepal
President of Nepal Prime Minister of Nepal
state legislators
 Pakistan
Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Subdivisions of Pakistan
President of Pakistan Prime Minister of Pakistan
Electoral College
, by two-thirds majority
 Somalia
Federal Republic of Somalia
Subdivisions of Somalia
President of Somalia
Prime Minister of Somalia
Parliament
  Switzerland
Swiss Confederation
Cantons of Switzerland
Federal Assembly
(parliament and canton delegates), by absolute majority

See also

References

External links