Fener

Coordinates: 41°01′44.00″N 28°57′07″E / 41.0288889°N 28.95194°E / 41.0288889; 28.95194
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Fener
Quarter
UTC+3 (TRT
)
Area code0-212

Fener (Turkish pronunciation: [feˈnæɾ]; Greek: Φανάρι, Phanári; in English also: Phanar) is a quarter midway up the Golden Horn in the district of Fatih in Istanbul, Turkey. The Turkish name is derived from the Greek word "phanarion" (Medieval Greek: Φανάριον), meaning lantern, streetlight or lamppost;[1] the neighborhood was so called because of a column topped with a lantern which stood here in the Byzantine period and was used as a street light or lighthouse.

Fener was a traditionally Greek neighbourhood during the Ottoman era and its streets still contain many old stone houses and churches dating from Byzantine and Ottoman times. The grand mansions between the main road and the shore of the Golden Horn were often used to store wood imported from the Black Sea (Pontos) area; one now houses Istanbul's Women's Library. Their picturesque façades were damaged as a result of street-widening work from the 1930s onwards.

Fener is sandwiched between Cibali and Balat on the southern shore of the Golden Horn. The steep hills behind it run up to the Fatih neighbourhood.

Fener is served by the T5 tram line which links it with Cibali and the small bus terminal (for buses to Anatolia) at

Eyüp
.

History

After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, Fener became home to many of the Greeks living in the city. The Patriarchate of Constantinople also moved here and remains here today. As a result, the term "Phanar" is sometimes used as a shorthand reference to the Ecumenical Patriarchate, just as "Vatican" is used for the Holy See of the Roman Catholic Church.

During the Ottoman period, the Greek inhabitants of Fener were called

Phanariotes and often served the Sultan in important roles. Wealthy Phanariotes often served as dragomans (translators) or became the governors of provinces in the Balkans and Greece. Several served as hospodars of Wallachia and Moldavia
between 1711 and 1821.

Attractions

Fener's most notable attraction is the walled compound that encloses the

Greek Orthodox Easter.

The Church of St Mary of the Mongols (Panagia Muhliotissa, Theotokos Panagiotussa), inland and uphill from the Patriarchate, is interesting as the one church in Constantinople that was never turned into a mosque, even after the Conquest of Istanbul in 1453. The architect Atik Sinan (not to be confused with the better known Mimar Sinan) is said to have persuaded Sultan Mehmet II to allow it to continue providing services for the Greek population and a copy of the ferman (edict) decreeing this still hangs on the church wall.

Near the Church of St Mary of the Mongols is the huge red-brick Phanar Greek Orthodox College. The historian Dimitri Cantemir was a student here in the 17th century. Today it has only a tiny number of pupils. A second Greek school in Fener, the Maraşlı Greek Orthodox Primary School, is also an imposing building but no longer has any pupils.

Battered remnants of the

Sea Walls that used to close Constantinople off from the Golden Horn still skirt Fener. The Ayakapı gate through the walls is believed to have been designed by Mimar Sinan
in 1562.

The back streets of Fener are full of two and three-storied terraced houses often with cumbas (bay windows) as well as a handful of much grander houses. Many have been converted to house cafes, restaurants and tourist accommodation.[2]

Blessing of the Waters

As elsewhere in the Orthodox world, every 6 January - the Feast of the Epiphany - a ceremony called the Blessing of the Waters take place in which a priest tosses a cross into water and swimmers race to see who can bring it back to shore first. In Istanbul this ceremony is performed by the Patriarch who tosses a cross into the Golden Horn to be retrieved by the swimmers.

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ "Τριανταφυλλίδης On line Dictionary". Φανάρι(-ον) (3α). Retrieved October 7, 2006.
  2. ISBN 9789752307346.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link
    )

External links

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