Feroz Khan Noon

Sir Malik Feroz Khan Noon

At Wadham College, Noon studied history and Farsi, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in history in 1916.^[9] He was a keen soccer player and played collegiate field hockey for Isis Club.^[1]

During his college years, Noon went to the United States in search of higher education at universities there but returned to Oxford.

In 1941, Noon left his diplomatic post when he was asked to join the Churchill cabinet, being appointed first as his

In 1944–45, Churchill appointed Noon to the War Department, leading his own department alongside Sir Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar that provided representation for British India in the Pacific War Council.^[24][25] In 1945, he was appointed as Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations, attending the first UN session in San Francisco, California.^[26]

By late 1945, it became clear that the new Labour government in Britain intended to transfer power and leave India. The impending loss of their British allies weakened the Unionist Party, and Noon joined others in defecting to the Muslim League.^[27] His departure was an important one, and encouraged more members to switch parties.^[28] The bolstered Muslim League won the 1945-46 Indian general election by a landslide in the Punjab.^[27]

Governorship of East Bengal and Chief Minister of Punjab

In 1947, Noon retained his constituency and became a Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan (MNA) of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan, following the establishment of Pakistan as a result of the Partition of India.^[26]

In October 1947, Jinnah, now

In 1950, Prime Minister

After the 1953 religious riots in Lahore that resulted in Daultana's resignation, Noon finally achieved his goal when he convinced Prime Minister Khawaja Nazimuddin to appoint him as the third Chief Minister of Punjab.^[31]

Foreign ministry in coalition administration

In 1955, Noon parted from the Muslim League when he helped to establish the

In 1956–57, Noon attempted to hold talks with India over the Kashmir issue, and insurgency in Eastern India, but was unable to make any breakthrough.[32]

Prime Minister of Pakistan (1957-58)

After the resignations of the Awami League's Huseyn Suhrawardy and the Muslim League's I. I. Chundrigar, Noon was the last candidate from the three-party coalition government, and started his support for the premiership on a conservative-Republican Party agenda.

Noon successfully forged an alliance with the Awami League, the National Awami Party, the Krishak Sramik Party, and the parliamentary groups in the National Assembly that allowed him to form the government as its Prime Minister. ^{[citation needed]}

Negotiation for Gwadar

On 16 December 1957, Noon took an oath from

In his memoirs, From Memory, Noon writes, "With Gwadar in foreign hands, I had felt we were living in a house in which the back room with another door, was occupied by a stranger who could, at any time, sell us out to a power inimical to Pakistan…".

British Parliament for their protectorate of Muscat and Oman to give custody of 'Gwadar Port' to Pakistan,^[38] and get approval from the House of Lords.^{[39][40][41][37]}

Noon had not endorsed the presidential re-election of Mirza as the three-party coalition had been negotiating their own president to replace Mirza in 1958.

coup d'état against his own party's government, effectively dismissing his own appointed Prime Minister to usurp all political power into his own hands.^[30]

Later and personal life, and death

After the

1958 Pakistani coup d'état

, Noon retired from national politics and became a political writer. He authored five books on the history of India and issues pertaining to law and politics in Pakistan.

• Wisdom From Fools (1940), short stories for children.[43]
• Scented Dust (1941), a novel.^[44]
• India (1941)
• Kashmir (1957)
• From Memory (1966)

Noon was married to Viqar-un-Nisa Noon, an Austrian, who was a prominent politician and a social worker by profession. He died on 7 December 1970 in his ancestral village of Nurpur Noon, Sargodha District, where he is buried.^[30]

See also

• Politics of Pakistan
• Anglo-Indians
• India in World War II

References

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5. ^ Rajghatta, Chidanand. "View: Most Pakistanis are actually Indians". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
6. ^ "Noon clan" (PDF). Bitstream. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
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9. ^ ^{a b c d} Noon, Firoz Khan (1966). From Memory. Lahore: Ferozsons. pp. 72–74. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
10. ^ Malhotra, S. L. (1979). From civil disobedience to quit India: Gandhi and the freedom movement in Punjab and Haryana, 1932–1942. New Delhi: Publication Bureau, Panjab University. pp. 76–77. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
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23. ^ Hope, Ashley Guy (1968). America and Swaraj: The U.S. Role in Indian Independence. Public Affairs Press. pp. 58–59. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
24. ISBN 9788131708347. Archived
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25. ^ "Conclusions of a Meeting of the War Cabinet held at 10, Downing Street, S.W. 1, on Tuesday, 3rd April, 1945, at 11-30 am" (PDF). filestore.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
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29. ^ "Siddiqui, Abdur Rahman". Banglapedia. Archived from the original on 14 November 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
30. ^ ^{a b c} Jafar, Abu. "Noon, Malik Firoz Khan". Banglapedia. Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
31. ^ Mahmud, Syed (1958). A nation is born. Karachi: Feroz Printing Works. p. 26. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
32. ISBN 9788123026466. Archived
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33. ^ Choudhry, Dr. Shabir (16 December 2016). "CPEC – A potential threat to turn Gilgit-Baltistan a battleground – II – Northlines". Northlines. London. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
34. ^ Noon, Firoz Khan (1966). From Memory. Ferozsons. p. 282. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
35. ^ Salahuddin, Syed (15 May 2010). "Consensus on Kashmir". Dawn. Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
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39. ^ "Who do we thank for Gwadar?". Daily Times. 22 May 2018. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
40. ^ Dhillon, Ali Ahmad (17 January 2019). "Gwadar Ki Shaan, Begum Waqar Un Nisa Noon!". Daily Urdu Columns. Archived from the original on 1 April 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
41. ^ "Who do we thank for Gwadar?". Ismailimail. 25 May 2018. Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
42. ISBN 9780195790764
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43. ^ Indian Information, Volume 15 (1944), Page 312
44. ^ Current Biography Yearbook, 1958, Page 411

Notes

1. Urdu: ملک فیروز خان نون; Bengali
   : মালিক ফিরোজ খান নূন

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Feroz Khan Noon.

• "Pakistan: Border Trade". Time. 22 September 1958.
• Chronicles Of Pakistan
• "Malik Feroz Khan Noon message to Nation on Transfer of Gawadar to Pakistan (07-09-1958).wmv" (.wmv). Islamabad: Radio Pakistan. 12 July 2011. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2018 – via YouTube.

Political offices
Preceded by Frederick Chalmers Bourne	Governor of East Bengal 1950–1953	Succeeded by Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman
Preceded by Mumtaz Daultana	Chief Minister of Punjab 1953–1955	Succeeded by Abdul Hamid Khan Dasti
Preceded by Hamidul Huq Choudhury	Minister of Foreign Affairs 1956–1958	Succeeded by Manzur Qadir
Preceded by Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar	Prime Minister of Pakistan 1957–1958	Succeeded by Nurul Amin
Preceded by Mumtaz Daultana	Minister of Defence 1957–1958	Succeeded by Muhammad Ayub Khuhro