Forehead
| Forehead | |
|---|---|
Supraorbital, Supratrochlear | |
| Vein | Supraorbital, Frontal |
| Nerve | Trigeminal, Facial |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | sinciput |
| MeSH | D005546 |
| TA98 | A01.1.00.002 A02.1.00.013 |
| TA2 | 101 |
| FMA | 63864 |
| Anatomical terminology] | |
In
In Terminologia Anatomica, sinciput is given as the Latin equivalent to "forehead" (etymology of sinciput: from semi- "half" and caput "head".[3]).
Structure
The bone of the forehead is the squamous part of the frontal bone.[4][5] The overlying muscles are the occipitofrontalis, procerus, and corrugator supercilii muscles, all of which are controlled by the temporal branch of the facial nerve.[2]
The sensory nerves of the forehead connect to the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve and to the cervical plexus, and lie within the subcutaneous fat. The motor nerves of the forehead connect to the facial nerve.[2] The ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve, the supraorbital nerve, divides at the orbital rim into two parts in the forehead. One part, the superficial division, runs over the surface of the occipitofrontalis muscle. This provides sensation for the skin of the forehead, and for the front edge of the scalp. The other part, the deep division, runs into the occipitofrontalis muscle and provides frontoparietal sensation.[1]
Blood supply to the forehead is via the left and right superorbital, supertrochealar, and anterior branches of the superficial temporal artery.[2]
Function
Expression
The muscles of the forehead help to form
Wrinkles
The movements of the muscles in the forehead produce characteristic wrinkles in the skin. The occipitofrontalis muscles produce the transverse wrinkles across the width of the forehead, and the corrugator supercilii muscles produce vertical wrinkles between the eyebrows above the nose. The procerus muscles cause the nose to wrinkle.[6]
Society and culture
In physiognomy and phrenology, the shape of the forehead was taken to symbolise intellect and intelligence. "Animals, even the most intelligent of them,", wrote Samuel R. Wells in 1942, "can hardly be said to have any forehead at all, and in natural total idiots it is very diminished".[7]
In fighting, slamming one's forehead into one's opponent is termed a headbutt.[9]
See also
- Artificial cranial deformation
- Bindi
- Forehead lift
- Squamous part of the frontal bone
- Third eye
- Tilak
References
- ^ ISBN 9780781720748.
- ^ ISBN 9780071472562.
- ^ "Origin and meaning of sinciput". etymonline.com.
- ISBN 9780838582381.
- ISBN 9780321372949.
- ^ ISBN 9780750688147.
- ISBN 9780766103573.
- ^ a b Aristotle (1828). William Salmon (ed.). The Works of Aristotle. New England. p. 71.
- S2CID 9117512.
External links
Media related to Foreheads at Wikimedia Commons
