Four-document hypothesis

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Four-source hypothesis
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Four-document hypothesis
Four-source hypothesis
Theory Information
OrderMark, Q, M, L, (Antiochian document), (Document of Infancy)
(Proto-Luke)
Matthew, Luke
Additional SourcesQ source, M source, L source, (Antiochian document), (Document of Infancy)
Gospels' Sources
MatthewMark, Q, M, (Antiochian document)
LukeMark, Q, L, (Proto-Luke), (Document of Infancy)
Theory History
OriginatorB. H. Streeter
Origination Date1925

The four-document hypothesis or four-source hypothesis is an explanation for the relationship between the three

L). It was proposed by B. H. Streeter in 1925, who refined the two-source hypothesis into a four-source hypothesis.[1][2]

Description

According to

Apostle Matthew
for Galilean Christians. Gospel of Luke developed in two phases (see picture).

According to this view the first gospel is a combination of the traditions of Jerusalem, Antioch, and

Rome
, while the third gospel represents Caesarea, Antioch, and Rome. The fact that the Antiochene and Roman sources were reproduced by both Evangelists Matthew and Luke was due to the importance of those Churches. Streeter thought there is no evidence that the other sources are less authentic.

Streeter hypothesized a proto-Luke document, an early version of Luke that did not incorporate material from Mark or the birth narrative. According to this hypothesis, the evangelist added material from Mark and the birth narratives later. Telling against this hypothesis, however, the gospel has no underlying passion tradition separate from Mark, and Luke's travel account is evidently based on Mark 10.[3] A contemporary version of the four-source theory omits proto-Luke, with the evangelist combining Mark, Q, and L directly.[4] Still, the gospel might have circulated originally without the birth narrative in the first two chapters.[5]

See also

References

Footnotes

  1. ISBN 978-0-8254-9882-4
    . Several other problems must be considered by those who accept the Two- or Four-Source Hypothesis. First, the Four-Source hypothesis is much more complex (positing Q, M, and L as sources) than the Two-Gospel Hypothesis
  2. ^ "Biblical literature - The Synoptic problem". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-08-15.
  3. ISBN 978-0-8006-3123-9
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-02-541949-0
    .
  5. ^ Funk, Robert W. and the Jesus Seminar. The acts of Jesus: the search for the authentic deeds of Jesus. HarperSanFrancisco. 1998. "Birth & Infancy Stories" pp. 497–526.

Bibliography

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