Fowlpox
| Fowlpox virus | |
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| Example of clinical signs produced by Fowlpox virus | |
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Varidnaviria |
| Kingdom: | Bamfordvirae |
| Phylum: | Nucleocytoviricota |
| Class: | Pokkesviricetes |
| Order: | Chitovirales |
| Family: | Poxviridae |
| Genus: | Avipoxvirus |
| Species: | Fowlpox virus
|
Fowlpox is the worldwide disease of
Fowlpox in chickens
Fowlpox is a common disease in backyard chickens that have not been vaccinated. Most birds survive the infections, although very young or weak birds may be lost. The lesions initially looks like a whitish blister and appear on the comb, wattles and other skin areas. In rare cases lesions can be found on the body, legs and even sometimes the softer parts of the beak. The blisters develop into a dark scab and take about three weeks to heal and drop off. Fowlpox lesions, when in the infected birds mouth and throat can cause difficulty breathing, even death.[2] Scarring may result and consequently exhibition poultry breeders prefer to vaccinate and avoid this disease. Management of the mosquito population can help reduce outbreaks of fowlpox.[citation needed]
Fowlpox has demonstrated the capacity to contain integrated sequence from Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV).[3] Integrated sequence of REV may contain the complete REV provirus sequence or fragments of genome sequence.[4][5][6] Not all fowlpox isolates contain REV integrates.[7][6] Studies analyzing samples from 50 years ago have detected evidence of REV integrated sequences suggesting the integration of REV may not be a new emergence.[8] Fowlpox with integrated REV sequences have been identified in some live fowlpox vaccine lots, in backyard chickens and in wild birds.[7] Fowlpox infections with integrated REV sequence are linked with the development of lymphoma.[4][9]
Clinical signs
There are 2 types of fowlpox: wet pox and dry pox. In all outbreaks, wart-like lumps are visible on many birds, which is a reliable guide to diagnosis.[10][3][11]
Dry pox is the most common and develops as wart-like eruptions. Fleshy pale lumps form yellow pimples that may enlarge and run together to form masses of yellow crusts. These scabs darken and fall off in about a week. They occur mainly on the comb, wattle and face but can occur on other parts of the body.[10]
Wet pox (diphtheritic) forms as ulcerous cheesy masses in the mouth, nose and sometimes throat areas, which can interfere with eating and breathing. Birds with wet pox can appear unwell and in some cases may die.[10]
Mortality is usually low in affected flocks. Reduced egg production and poor weight gains are the greatest impacts.[10]
Treatment
See also
- Turkeypox
- Pigeonpox
References
- ISBN 978-0-12-374410-4.
- ^ OCLC 48524703.
- ^ PMID 24963887.
- ^ S2CID 22026537.
- PMID 12719579.
- ^ PMID 18796713.
- ^ PMID 21706467.
- S2CID 19898021.
- PMID 18645835.
- ^ a b c d "Fowl pox". Business Queensland. Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Govt. 14 March 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- ^ "Poxvirus Diseases | Pox Viruses | CDC". 3 January 2019.
- ^ Carter, G.R.; Wise, D.J. (2006). "Poxviridae". A Concise Review of Veterinary Virology. Retrieved 2006-06-13.
- ^ Fowl Pox Vaccine 2023: A Breakthrough in Poultry Health poultrypioneers.net
External links
- Fowlpox - CABI datasheet
- Fowlpox in Chickens and Turkeys - Poultry - MSD Veterinary Manual, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
- Fowlpox at Backyard Poultry, Information and pictures.
- Species Profile - Fowlpox (Avipoxvirus), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for Fowlpox.
| Authority control databases: National |
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