François Gérard
Francois Gérard | |
---|---|
Born | François Pascal Simon Gérard 12 March 1770[a] |
Died | 11 January 1837 | (aged 66)
Nationality | French |
Education | Pajou, Brenet, David |
Known for | Portrait painting |
François Pascal Simon Gérard (French pronunciation:
Life and career
François Gérard was born in Rome to J. S. Gérard and Cleria Matteï.[1] At the age of twelve, Gérard obtained admission into the Pension du Roi in Paris. From the Pension, he passed to the studio of the sculptor Augustin Pajou, which he left at the end of two years for the studio of the history painter Nicolas-Guy Brenet,[2] whom he quit almost immediately to place himself under Jacques-Louis David.[3]
In 1789, he competed for the Prix de Rome, which was carried off by his comrade Girodet. The following year (1790), he once more showed up, but the passing of his father prevented him from finishing his work and forced him to travel to Rome with his mother. He eventually made it back to Paris in 1791, but due to his extreme poverty, he was forced to abandon his studies in favor of a job that would pay him money right away. David at once availed himself of his help, and one of that master's most celebrated portraits, of Louis-Michel Le Pelletier de Saint-Fargeau, may owe much to the hand of Gérard. This painting was executed early in 1793, the year in which Gérard, at the request of David, was named a member of the revolutionary tribunal, from the fatal decisions of which he, however, invariably absented himself.[4]
In 1794, he obtained the first prize in a competition, the subject of which was The Tenth of August, that is, the
In 1808, as many as eight (and in 1810, no less than fourteen) portraits by him were exhibited at the Salon, and these figures afford only an indication of the enormous numbers which he executed yearly. All of the leading figures of the Empire and of the
Rich and famous, Gérard was stung by remorse for earlier ambitions abandoned; at intervals, he had indeed striven with Girodet and other rivals to prove his strength at history painting, still a more prestigious genre than portraiture. His Bataille d'Austerlitz (1810) showed a breadth of invention and style which was even more conspicuous in L'Entrée d'Henri IV à Paris (at Versailles), the work with which in 1817 he paid homage to the returned Louis XVIII. After this date, Gérard declined, watching with impotent grief the progress of the Romantic school.[4]
Loaded with honors – baron of the Empire in 1809, member of the Institut on 7 March 1812, officer of the
Gérard is best remembered for his portraits. The color of his paintings has suffered, but his drawings show in uninjured delicacy the purity of his line, and those of women are specially remarkable for a virginal simplicity and frankness of expression.[4] His students included Heinrich Christoph Kolbe.
Selected works
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Napoleon Bonaparteas First Consul, 1803
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Portrait of Joachim Murat, king of Naples and of the Two Sicilies, 1811–1812, private collection, Paris
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Portrait of Emperor Napoleon I
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Portrait of Empress Joséphine
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Portrait of Désirée Clary
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Portrait of Catherine Grand, Princesse de Bénévent
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Portrait of Hortense de Beauharnais
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Portrait of Hortense de Beauharnais
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Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz
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Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon
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The Detroit Institute of Arts
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Mme de Staël as her character Corrine (posthumously)
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Duc d' Elchingen
See also
Footnotes
- ^ a b Some sources say he was born on 4 May 1770, however his tombstone (Montparnasse Cemetery, 1st division) reads: "Ici reposent – François Pascal Simon baron Gérard, né à Rome le 12 mars 1770, mort à Paris le 11 janvier 1837 – Jacques Alexandre Gérard, né à Paris le 13 avril 1780, mort à Paris le 28 octobre 1832 – Marguerite Françoise Matteï, [épouse] de F. Gérard, née à Rome le 7 avril 1775, morte à Auteuil le 1er décembre 1848 – Sophie Catherine Sylvoz, [épouse d'Alexandre] Gérard, née à Chambéry le 8 [octobre] 1792, morte à Paris le 16 mars 1867 – La famille à leur mémoire chère."
- ^ At the Hong Kong Book Fair 2007, Hong Kong's Television and Entertainment Licensing Authority forced the publisher of a Chinese book, translated from Korean, Love Mythology: Love Stories in Greek and Roman Mythology: 12 Keys to Understand Myths of Love Theme (Author: Lee Eyun Kee Publisher: [Taiwan] Yuan Liou) bearing Gérard's "Psyché et l'Amour" on the cover to temporarily withdraw it from sale.
References
Sources
- public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Gérard, François". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 764–765. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
- Lenormant, Charles (1847). François Gérard, peintre d'histoire: essai de biographie et de critique (2nd ed.). Paris: Adolphe René et compagnie. Retrieved 10 May 2009. A biography by Charles Lenormant.
- Gérard, Henri; Viollet-le-Duc, Adolphe (1867). Correspondance de François Gérard: peintre d'histoire, avec les artistes et les personnages célèbres de son temps. Paris: Adolphe Lainé et J. Havard. Retrieved 10 May 2009. A biography by Adolphe Viollet-le-Duc followed by François Gérard's correspondence collected by his nephew Henri Gérard.
- Gérard, Henri (1888). Lettres adressées au baron François Gérard, peintre d'histoire, par les artistes et les personnages célèbres de son temps (3rd ed.). Paris: A. Quentin. Retrieved 10 May 2009. A different biography by his nephew Henri Gérard, 14 etched portraits, additional letters and notes.
Notes
- ^ Henri Gérard 1888
- ^ Nicolas-Guy Brenet (1728–1792), professor at the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, 1778. Michael Bryan, Dictionary of Painters and Engravers, s.v. "Brenet, Nicolas Guy". Brenet was also the master of Jean Germain Drouais.
- ^ Chisholm 1911, pp. 764–765.
- ^ a b c d e f Chisholm 1911, p. 765.
External links
- Corinne at the Cape of Misena., the painting of 'Mme de Staël as her character Corrine' engraved by Joseph Goodyear for The Amulet annual, 1832.