François de Neufville, 2nd Duke of Villeroy
François de Neufville | |
---|---|
2nd Duke of Villeroy | |
Full name | François de Neufville |
Born | Lyon, France | 7 April 1644
Died | 18 July 1730 (aged 86) Hôtel de Villeroy, Paris, France |
Spouse(s) | Marguerite Marie de Cossé (March 28, 1662) |
Issue | Louis Nicolas de Neufville
Camille de Neufville Francois Paul de Neufville François Catherine de Neufville Madeleine Thérèse de Neufville Françoise Madeleine de Neufville Catherine Anne de Neufville |
Father | Nicolas de Neufville, Marquis of Villeroy |
Mother | Madeleine de Blanchefort |
Signature | |
Military career | |
Allegiance | |
Rank | Marshal of France |
Wars | |
Awards | |
François de Neufville, 2nd
Biography
Villeroy was born in
François was brought up in close relations with Louis XIV and became a member of his inner circle. As a young child, he played with the King and his younger brother the Prince Philippe in the Palais Royal (home of Louis XIV and his mother Anne d'Autriche) and the nearby Hôtel de Villeroy (the home of the young François de Villeroy and his father the governor Nicolas V de Villeroy, the historic Hôtel de Villeroy is a 500 m walk from the Palais-Royal on 34 rue des Bourdonnais or 9 rue des Déchargeurs). Even though Francois de Villeroy was six years younger than Louis XIV, they were friends, probably because the young Louis XIV enjoyed the role of protector to a younger child.
An intimate of the king, a finished courtier, and leader of society and a man of great personal gallantry, Villeroy was marked out for advancement in the army, which he loved, but career soldiers had a more just appreciation of his abilities than Louis. In 1693, without having exercised any really-important or responsible command, he was made Marshal of France. In 1695, when
In 1701, Villeroy was sent to Italy to supersede Nicolas Catinat and was soon beaten by the inferior army of Prince Eugene of Savoy at Chiari (see War of the Spanish Succession). In February 1702 he was made prisoner at the surprise of the Battle of Cremona.[1]
In the following years he was pitted against the Duke of Marlborough in the Low Countries. Marlborough's own difficulties with the Dutch and other allied commissioners, rather than Villeroy's own skill, put off the inevitable disaster for some years, but in 1706 Marlborough attacked him and thoroughly defeated him at the Battle of Ramillies. Louis consoled his old friend with this remark: "At our age, one is no longer lucky". However, Louis superseded Villeroy in the command, and Villeroy lived the life of a courtier and, although suspected of being involved in plots, maintained his friendship with Louis.[1] During this time, his secretary was Pierre-François Godard de Beauchamps.
Under the
Villeroy died in Paris in 1730.
Marriage and children
He married on March 28, 1662 [3] with Marguerite Marie de Cossé (1648–1708), and had 7 children:
- Louis Nicolas de Neufville (1663–1734), Duke of Villeroy, who married Marguerite Le Tellier, daughter of the Marquis of Louvois;[4]
- Camille de Neufville
- François Paul de Neufville (1677–1731), Archbishop of Lyon (1714) ;
- François Catherine de Neufville (died 1700) ;
- Madeleine Thérèse de Neufville (1666–1723), a nun ;
- Françoise Madeleine de Neufville, married João de Sousa, 3rd Marquis of Minas ;
- Catherine Anne de Neufville (1674–1715), a nun ;
References
- ^ a b c d public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Villeroi, François de Neufville, Duc de". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 85–86. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ The Man Who Would Be King: The Life of Philippe d'Orleans, Regent of France by Christine Pevitt. Published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in Great Britain, 1997. Page 301.
- ^ http://racineshistoire.free.fr/LGN/PDF/Neufville-de-Villeroy.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ Luc-Normand Tellier, Face aux Colbert : les Le Tellier, Vauban, Turgot ... et l'avènement du libéralisme, Presses de l'Université du Québec, 1987, pp. 448-451.Etext