France–Italy border

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France–Italy border
Mont Blanc, here seen from France, is the highest mountain in Western Europe, located on the France–Italy border.
Characteristics
Entities France
 Italy
Length515 km (320 mi)

The France–Italy border is 515 km (320 mi) long. It runs from the Alps in the north, a region in which it passes over Mont Blanc, down to the Mediterranean coast in the south. Three national parks are located along the border: Vanoise National Park and Mercantour National Park on the French side and Gran Paradiso National Park on the Italian side.

Features

The France–Italy border is mainly mountainous. It is 515 kilometres (320 mi) long,[1] in southeast France and northwest Italy. It begins at the west tripoint of France–Italy–Switzerland (45°55′23″N 07°02′40″E / 45.92306°N 7.04444°E / 45.92306; 7.04444) near the top of Mont Dolent (3,820 m), in the French commune of Chamonix (department of Haute-Savoie), the Italian city of Courmayeur (Aosta Valley) and the Swiss commune of Orsières (canton of Valais).

The boundary then follows a general direction towards south, to the Mediterranean, it reaches the sea at Menton in France and Ventimiglia in Italy. The border separates three regions (Aosta Valley, Piedmont and Liguria) and four provinces of Italy (Aosta, Turin, Cuneo and Imperia) from two regions (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) and five departments of France (Haute-Savoie, Savoie, Hautes-Alpes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Alpes-Maritimes).

  • Cime de la Malédie
    Cime de la Malédie
  • A marker on the French side of the border in Alpes-Maritimes
    A marker on the French side of the border in Alpes-Maritimes
  • Following the Treaty of Paris, the end of the Saint-Nicolas plateau now delimits the border 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) below the Mont Cenis Pass.
    Following the
    Treaty of Paris
    , the end of the Saint-Nicolas plateau now delimits the border 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) below the Mont Cenis Pass.
  • The Pont Saint-Ludovic / Ponte San Ludovico border crossing point between Menton, France and Ventimiglia, Italy
    The Pont Saint-Ludovic / Ponte San Ludovico border crossing point between Menton, France and Ventimiglia, Italy

Road crossings

The points of paved road crossings between the two countries are quoted in this exhaustive list, from North to South:

In 1999, there was a

large fire in the Mont Blanc Tunnel after a truck crashed into other vehicles. Emergency personnel from both sides of the border tried their best to intervene but 39 people died. The tunnel was closed for nearly three years following the fire.[2]

History

The border between the two countries dates back to that separating the Kingdom of Sardinia and France during the 19th century. In 1860, the Treaty of Turin links the Savoy and County of Nice to France; the border between the French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia was surveyed the following year.

At the conclusion of the

Treaty of Paris in 1947, when France acquired Tende, La Brigue, Mont Chaberton and the Lake of Mont Cenis
.

In the 21st century, an ongoing issue to be resolved concerns the demarcation of the border at the top of Mont Blanc.[3]

References

  1. IGN
    1993
  2. ^ Barry, Keith. "July 16, 1965: Mont Blanc Tunnel Opens". Wired – via www.wired.com.
  3. ^ [1] Directorate General for Europe, Ministry of Foreign Italian case describing its action programme for 2001, p. 5.