France–Monaco relations
Monaco |
France |
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Franco-Monegasque relations are the special relationship between France and Monaco.[1]
History
Only in 1419 did Monaco gain control of its own sovereignty from French control after
In 2002, the laws deriving from the Treaty of Versailles that governed relations between Monaco and France were renegotiated. It was finally ratified in 2005 with new terms that: upgraded France's representation from a consulate to that of an embassy; permitted other countries to accredit ambassadors to Monaco; and, formally recognised Monaco's ruling Grimaldi[3] dynasty's succession scheme that was initially set out in the 1962 constitution, and which also extended eligibility to the ruling prince's daughters and other family members.[4]
Economic ties
The
Monaco is fully integrated into a customs union with France, which also enables participation in the EU market system. The latter collects and rebates trade duties with Monaco. The euro was adopted as the official currency on January 1, 2002.[4]
Monegasque politics
In 1962, Monaco's refusal to impose a tax on both its residents and international businesses caused problems in relations. However, it was resolved with an agreement that French citizens with less than five years of residence in Monaco and companies doing more than 25 percent of their business outside the country would be taxed at French rates. The crisis also led to a new constitution and the restoration of the National Council. Amongst the edicts of the new constitution is the prince's nomination of a Council of Government that consists of a Minister of State who is a French citizen and selected for a three-year term from a group of senior French civil servants selected by the French government.[5][6][7] They are the prince's representative and are in charge of foreign relations, directs executive services, the police and the Council of Government.[2] They also choose three council members: one to take care of the economy and finances; one for Home Affairs; and, one for social affairs. All ministers are accountable to the Prince of Monaco.[3]
Monaco's legal system is also modeled on the Napoleonic Code[8] and is similar to that of France.
Monaco has also agreed to exercise its sovereign rights in conformity with French interests.[4]
Cultural relations
The two countries share
Approximately two-thirds of Monaco's 30,000 jobs are filled by workers from neighbouring French and Italian towns.[2]
Resident diplomatic missions
- France has an embassy in Monte Carlo.[9]
- Monaco has an embassy in Paris.[10]
References
- ^ a b European Union - EEAS (European External Action Service) | Principality of Monaco
- ^ a b c d e Culture of Monaco - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social, marriage, men, life, tribe, population, religion, ritual...
- ^ a b c "The government of Monaco". Archived from the original on 2012-10-21. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
- ^ a b c d Monaco
- ^ "Monaco". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 10, 2011.
- ^ JURIST - Monaco: Monacan Law, Legal Research, Human Rights
- ^ Monaco Politics, government, and taxation, Information about Politics, government, and taxation in Monaco
- ^ "The Government in Monaco". Archived from the original on 2010-11-30. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
- ^ Embassy of France in Monte Carlo (in French)
- ^ Embassy of Monaco in Paris (in French)