Frederick VIII of Denmark

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Frederick VIII of Denmark" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Frederick VIII
more...)
Reign	29 January 1906 – 14 May 1912
Predecessor	Christian IX
Successor	Christian X
Born	Prince Christian Frederik Vilhelm Carl of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1843-06-03)3 June 1843 Yellow Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark
Died	14 May 1912(1912-05-14) (aged 68) Hamburg, German Empire
Burial	Roskilde Cathedral
Spouse	Louise of Sweden ​ (m. 1869)​
Issue Detail	Christian X of Denmark Haakon VII of Norway Princess Louise Prince Harald Princess Ingeborg, Duchess of Västergötland Princess Thyra Prince Gustav Princess Dagmar
Names Christian Frederik Vilhelm Carl
House	Glücksburg
Father	Christian IX of Denmark
Mother	Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Religion	Church of Denmark
Signature

Frederick VIII (

The eldest son of

Prince Frederick was born on 3 June 1843 in the

He had five younger siblings: Alexandra (1844–1925), William (1845–1913), Dagmar (1847–1928), Thyra (1853–1933) and Valdemar (1858–1939). Although they were of royal blood,^[a] the family lived a comparatively normal life. They did not possess great wealth; their father's income from an army commission was about £800 per year and their house was a rent-free grace and favour property.^[7] Occasionally, Hans Christian Andersen was invited to call and tell the children stories before bedtime.^[8]

In 1853, it was clear that the main line of the Oldenburg dynasty would become extinct with King Frederick VII, who was elderly and childless. Frederick's mother was very close to the succession, as she was a niece of the previous Oldenburg king, Christian VIII, through his sister. With the other heirs from the House of Hesse-Kassel having renounced their claims to the Danish throne in favour of Louise, who in turn relinquished her own claim, his father was eventually chosen as the heir presumptive. Accordingly, Frederick was created a Prince of Denmark.^[9]

Queen Louise wanted her eldest son to marry as well as had her two daughters, Alexandra and Dagmar. Queen

On 10 August 1869, the newlyweds made their entrance into

Frederick was crown prince for 43 years and used the time to prepare carefully for his reign. Even though he, as heir-apparent to the throne, had a seat in the Council of State, his father made sure to largely exclude him from influence and political power.^[17]

Reign

On 29 January 1906, King Christian IX died peacefully at the age of 87, after a reign of 42 years. Upon his father's death, Frederick succeeded to the throne at the age of 62. He was proclaimed king from the balcony of

On 14 May 1912, while on his return journey from a trip to Nice with his wife and four of his children, the king made a short stop in Hamburg, staying at the Hotel Hamburger Hof under the pseudonym "Count Kronberg". That evening, Frederick—while incognito—went out for a stroll on the Jungfernstieg, during which he became faint and collapsed on a park bench at Gänsemarkt. He was discovered by a police officer who took him to the hospital, where he was pronounced dead; his cause of death was announced as a heart attack. As Frederick was incognito at the time and had no papers on him, his body was brought to the local morgue, where he was identified by the hotel manager the next morning.

Rumors soon began to circulate about a possible scandal involving the king, as the place where he collapsed and died at was near a well-known brothel. The local police did not disclose details about the investigation, for fear of causing distress to the royal family.^[18]

Frederick's body was transported via a special train to

The reigning families of Denmark, Norway, Belgium and Luxembourg are descended from King Frederick VIII; Denmark's through his eldest son Christian X, and Norway's through his second son, Haakon VII as well as through his daughter, Princess Ingeborg of Denmark. The royal family of Belgium and grand ducal family of Luxembourg are both also descended from Princess Ingeborg of Denmark.^[20]

Titles, styles, honours, and arms

Titles and styles

During his reign,

National orders and decorations[22]

• Knight of the Elephant, 3 June 1861
• Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog
  , 3 June 1861
• Grand Commander of the Dannebrog, 28 July 1869
• Commemorative Medal for the Golden Wedding of King Christian IX and Queen Louise, 1892

Foreign orders and decorations^[23]

Honorary military appointments

• The Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment), 1906 – 1914 (United Kingdom)^[44]
• À la suite of the Imperial German Navy^[45]
• Honorary General of the
  Sweden-Norway)^[46]

References

Citations

1. ^ "Frederik (Christian F. Vilhelm Carl) f. 1843, Kronprins". Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
2. ^ ^{a b} Thorsøe 1891, p. 327.
3. ^
   ISBN 0-220-66222-3
   .. pp. 69–70.
4. ^ "Louise Vilhelmine Frederikke Caroline Augusta Julie". Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
5. ISBN 978-87-7070-014-6
   .
6. ^ Smidt 2020.
7. ISBN 0-00-216667-4
   , pp. 16–17.
8. ^ Duff, p. 18.
9. ^ "Christian IX". Amalienborg. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
10. ISBN 87-17-06379-5
    .
11. ^ Bramsen 1992, p. 260-67.
12. ^ "Biography of Queen Alexandra". thoughtco.com. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
13. ^ "Alexandra". Amalienborg. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
14. ^ "Lovisa – Lovisa Josephina Eugenia". Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
15. ^ "Christian 10". Amalienborg. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
16. ^ "Haakon 7". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
17. ^ Bramsen 1992, p. 270.
18. ^ Bernhard Röhl (10 March 2003). "Der Tod kam mit dem Sex". Die Tageszeitung (in German): 22.
19. ^ "Frederik VIII". gravsted.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 11 October 2022.
20. ^ "Ingeborg C C F L". Svenskt biografiskt lexikon. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
21. ^ ^{a b} "Denmark". Titles of European hereditary rulers. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
22. ^ ^{a b} Bille-Hansen, A. C.; Holck, Harald, eds. (1906) [1st pub.:1801]. Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1906 [State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1906] (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. pp. 3, 6. Retrieved 30 April 2020 – via da:DIS Danmark.
23. ^ Bille-Hansen, A. C.; Holck, Harald, eds. (1912) [1st pub.:1801]. Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1912 [State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1912] (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. p. 2. Retrieved 30 April 2020 – via da:DIS Danmark.
24. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt (1867) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 18
25. ^ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
26. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1896), "Großherzogliche Orden" pp. 62, 76
27. ^ "Königliche Orden", Hof- und – Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern (in German), Munich: Druck and Verlag, 1910, p. 8 – via hathitrust.org
28. ^ Belgien (1867). Almanach royal officiel: 1867. p. 52.
29. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen (1879), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 12
30. ^ Italia : Ministero dell'interno (1898). Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia. Unione tipografico-editrice. p. 54.
31. ^ 刑部芳則 (2017). 明治時代の勲章外交儀礼 (PDF) (in Japanese). 明治聖徳記念学会紀要. p. 144.
32. ^ "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen". Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Mecklenburg-Strelitz: 1907 (in German). Neustrelitz: Druck und Debit der Buchdruckerei von G. F. Spalding und Sohn. 1907. p. 14.
33. ^ "Schwarzer Adler-orden", Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), vol. 1, Berlin, 1886, p. 6{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
34. ^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach Archived 6 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine (1900), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 16
35. Royal Thai Government Gazette (19 March 1898). "พระราชทานเครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ ที่ประเทศยุโรป" (PDF) (in Thai). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help
    )
36. ^ "Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro". Guía Oficial de España (in Spanish). 1900. p. 167. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
37. ^ Norges Statskalender (in Swedish), 1890, pp. 593–594, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
38. ^ Sveriges Statskalender (in Swedish), 1905, p. 440, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
39. ^ Anton Anjou (1900). "Utländske Riddare". Riddare af Konung Carl XIII:s orden: 1811–1900: biografiska anteckningar (in Swedish). Eksjö, Eksjö tryckeri-aktiebolag. p. 178.
40. ^ Shaw, Wm. A. (1906) The Knights of England, I, London, p. 212
41. ^ Shaw, p. 70
42. ^ Shaw, p. 424
43. ^ Shaw, p. 415
44. ^ "The Buffs (East Kent Regiment)" (PDF). Kent Fallen. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
45. ^ Justus Perthes, Almanach de Gotha (1912) p. 33
46. ^ Svensk rikskalender (in Swedish), 1909, p. 155, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org

Bibliography

• ISBN 978-1910198124
  .
• Beéche, Arturo E.; Hall, Coryne (2014). APAPA: King Christian IX of Denmark and His Descendants. East Richmond Heights, California: Eurohistory.
  ISBN 978-0985460341
  .
• Bramsen, Bo (1992). Huset Glücksborg. Europas svigerfader og hans efterslægt [The House of Glücksburg. The Father-in-law of Europe and his descendants] (in Danish) (2nd ed.). Copenhagen: Forlaget Forum.
  ISBN 87-553-1843-6
  .
• ISBN 9782859561840
  .
• Fabricius Møller, Jes (2013). Dynastiet Glücksborg, en Danmarkshistorie (in Danish). Copenhagen: Gad.
  ISBN 9788712048411
  .
• Lerche, Anna; Mandal, Marcus (2003). A royal family : the story of Christian IX and his European descendants. Copenhagen: Aschehoug.
  ISBN 9788715109577
  .
• Olden-Jørgensen, Sebastian (2003). Prinsessen og det hele kongerige. Christian IX og det glücksborgske kongehus (in Danish). Copenhagen: Gad.
  ISBN 8712040517
  .
• Peiter Rosenhegn, Birgitte Louise (2018). Frederik VIII and Queen Lovisa: The Overlooked Royal Couple. Historika.
  ISBN 978-8793229839
  .
• Scocozza, Benito (1997). Politikens bog om danske monarker (in Danish). Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag.
  ISBN 87-567-5772-7
  .
• Smidt, Poul (2020). Fredy : klemt kronprins - glemt konge : en biografi om Frederik 8 (in Danish). Copenhagen: Gyldendals Forlag.
  ISBN 9788702257274
  .
• Thorsøe, Alexander (1891). "Frederik". Dansk biografisk Lexikon, tillige omfattende Norge for tidsrummet 1537-1814 (in Danish). Vol. V (1st ed.). Copenhagen: Gyldendals forlag. pp. 327–328.
• ISBN 9780750911382
  .

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frederick VIII of Denmark.

• The Royal Lineage at the website of the
  Danish Monarchy
• Frederik VIII at the website of the Royal Danish Collection at
  Amalienborg Palace
• "Frederick VIII." . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.

Frederick VIII House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Cadet branch of the House of Oldenburg Born: 3 June 1843 Died: 14 May 1912
Regnal titles
Preceded by Christian IX	King of Denmark 1906–1912	Succeeded by Christian X