French Mexicans
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French Mexicans (French: Franco-Mexicains, Spanish: franco-mexicanos or Spanish: galo-mexicanos) are
Spaniards
.
Migration history
French immigration to Mexico started only on a small scale before Mexico became an independent country in 1821, as foreign immigration was sometimes prohibited by Spanish authorities under the colonial regime.[
According to the 2010 Census, French people form the second largest European emigrant community in Mexico after
Queretaro and Mexico City
.
Second Mexican Empire
Most French Mexicans descend from immigrants and soldiers that settled in Mexico during the
Louis-Philippe of France
.
The "Barcelonnettes"
The largest wave of immigration from France to Mexico came from the city of Barcelonnette, in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. Between 1850 and 1950, 5,000 to 6,000 inhabitants[8] of the Ubaye Valley immigrated to Mexico. Many established textile businesses between Mexico and France. While 90% stayed in Mexico, some returned to Barcelonette, and from 1880 to 1930, built grand mansions called Maisons Mexicaines and left a mark upon the city. Today, there are 60,000 descendants of the "Barcelonnettes".[9]
French settlement in Veracruz
In 1833, 98 persons[10] coming from Haute-Saône, Haute-Marne, Côte-d'Or and Yonne settled in a colony called Jicaltepec, in the state of Veracruz. In 1874, the community resettled on the other bank of the river, in San Rafael. From 1880 to 1900 the population of the colony grew from 800 to 1,000 inhabitants. There are now around 10,000 French Mexicans in the state of Veracruz.
Involvement in World War II
Jean René Champion, a Mexican of French ancestry, was the first
Free French Forces
(Forces Françaises Libres) officer to enter Paris on the day when the city was liberated from the Nazis on August 26, 1944.
French contributions to Mexican society
The French introduced cultural traits adopted by the Mexican culture and may have helped coin the term “
weddings(marriage). Clark attributes this to "phonetic coincidence" (Clark, 1996). An important culinary contribution was the bolillo, which is now widely used for the torta.[11] The French also heavily influenced Mexico's pan dulce
.
Education
There are two French international schools in Mexico:
- Lycée Franco-Mexicain (campuses in Mexico City and Cuernavaca)
- Lycée Français de Guadalajara
Notable French-Mexicans
- Luis G. Abbadie, writer
- León Aillaud, governor of Veracruz
- Miirrha Alhambra, French-born Mexican pianist
- Pita Amor, poet, of French descent
- Ramón Arnaud, Mexican Army and the last Mexican governor of Clipperton Island; of French descent
- Aracely Arámbula, Mexican actress, model, and singer; of French and Basque descent
- Alberto Baillères, third-richest man in Mexico
- Jean-Louis Berlandier, scientist
- Angelique Boyer, Mexican, French-born telenovela actress
- Linda Christian, movie actress, of French descent
- Manuel Clouthier, businessman and politician
- Tatiana Clouthier, politician, writer, and entrepreneur
- Carlos Loret de Mola, Mexican journalist of French descent
- Edgar de Evia, Mexican-born American photographer
- Eugenio Derbez, actor, comedian, and film director; of French descent on his great grandmother's side (Gilly)
- Consuelo Duval, Mexican actress of French descent
- Yolanda Vargas Dulché, writer, mother of French origin
- Roberto Heinze Flamand, sprint canoeist, of French descent
- Eugène Goupil, French-born Mexican philanthropist and collector
- Francisco Romano Guillemin, artist, of French descent
- Ralph Heinze, sprint canoeist, of French descent
- Claude Heller, ambassador, of German and French descent
- Saturnino Herrán, painter
- Lourdes Grobet, photographer
- José de la Borda, French-born Mexican philanthropist
- Edward Huet, French-born Mexican, first outstanding Deaf teacher in Mexico and developed Mexican Sign Language.[citation needed]
- Gustavo Huet, Mexican-born American athlete, of French descent
- Emilio Azcárraga Jean, businessman, of French descent
- Frédéric-Yves Jeannet, French-born Mexican writer and professor
- Elizabeth Katz, actress and former model, of French descent
- Michelito Lagravere, child bullfighter, to French father
- Remigio Leroy, French-born doctor and first Guanajuato mummy
- Alberto Ruz Lhuillier, French-born Mexican archaeologist
- Ángel Navarro, French-born leading Spanish settler in New Spain
- Martha Debayle, Nicaraguan-born Mexican radio journalist of French descent
- Montserrat Olivier, actress, television presenter, and former fashion model
- Roberto Palazuelos, actor, mother of French origin
- Elena Poniatowska, French-born Mexican journalist and author; French and Mexican noble descent
- Antonio Enríquez Savignac, politician
- Laurette Séjourné, Italian-born Mexican archaeologist and ethnologist, of French descent
- Eugenio Toussaint, composer, arranger, and jazz musician
- Eduardo Troconis, race-car driver
- Adrián Woll, 19th-century Mexican general, born and died in France
- José Youshimatz, Mexican-born American, retired track cyclist and road bicycle racer; of French descent
- DJ Trevi, Mexican-American, DJ, producer, composer, and actor; of French descent
See also
References
- ^ "México en los Alpes: la migración francesa". Algarabía. 7 April 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- ^ "La fascinante historia de cómo Barcelonnette se convirtió en la capital de México en Francia". BBC Mundo. 25 August 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
- ISBN 9782296201606.
Les colons - 668 au total.
- ^ "Le moment mexicain dans l'histoire française de l'aventure" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 December 2014.
La conséquence de cette émigration fut que, en 1849, les Français représentaient la deuxième nationalité étrangère au Mexique, derrière les Espagnols.
- ISBN 9789686029789.
(p. 91) Para México, esta fuente indica que entre 1850 y 1914 llegaron más de 11 mil personas.
- ^ INEGI (in Spanish). May 2011. Archived from the original(PDF) on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
- ^ "La communauté française du Mexique".
une communauté française relativement importante -la quatrième communauté étrangère du pays après les Américains, les Libanais et les Espagnols- comportant environ 9 500 immatriculés (9 321 en 1997) auxquels s'ajoutent 6 000 à 7 000 non-immatriculés.
- ^ "Les Barcelonnettes au Mexique".
Ainsi entre 1850 et 1950, 6000 à 7000 habitants de l'Ubaye ont quitté leur pays pour le Mexique.
- ^ "Les Barcelonnettes au Mexique".
On estime à 60 000 les descendants des Barcelonnettes, dispersés sur tout le territoire mexicain.
- ^ La colonisation française de Jicaltepec, Veracruz Archived 25 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "I am packing my own Torta…". Archived from the original on 25 July 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
External links
- Los que llegaron - Franceses from Canal Once
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