Protestantism in France

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(Redirected from
French Protestant
)
"French Protestants" redirects here. For other uses, see French Protestants (disambiguation).
The Église réformée de l'Annonciation, Paris

Religion in France 2017 (Pew Research Center)[1]

  Catholicism (44%)
  Protestantism (3%)
  Other Christian (1%)
  Irreligion (45%)
  Other/don't know/refused (7%)

Protestantism in France has existed in its various forms, starting with

pre-Protestant group, the Waldensians. Martin Bucer was born a German in Alsace, which historically belonged to the Holy Roman Empire
, but now belongs to France.

Hans J. Hillerbrand in his Encyclopedia of Protestantism claims the

revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV
.

Protestants were granted a degree of religious freedom following the

Cevennes
region, which survives to this day.

According to a 2020 survey,

Evangelical Protestants, while the membership of Calvinist and Lutheran churches has stagnated; many of the latter two confessions have merged into the United Protestant Church of France
.

Major groups

Protestantism in 16th-century France.
  Controlled by Huguenot nobility
  Contested between Huguenots and Catholics
  Controlled by Catholic nobility
  Lutheran-majority area (part of the HRE)

Waldensians

Main article: Waldensians

A Christian sect or movement, sometimes characterized as

Louis XIV of France put the dukes under pressure to eradicate all Protestant presence across his borders during the Savoyard–Waldensian wars (1655–1690). The group still exists in Italy, Germany, Brazil and the United States
.

Huguenots

Main article: Huguenots

The

Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine
(EPRAL).

Lutherans

Main article:
Lutherans
The Lutheran church at Giromagny

Lutherans formed a minority among the overall French Protestants. Their congregations were strengthened by Lutheran immigrants, mostly settling in economically prosperous places. With the French conquest of German-speaking regions along the Rhine beginning in the 17th century, the Kingdom acquired significant Lutheran populations. Under Napoleonic religious legislation of 1801 and 1802 also French Lutheranism was reorganized forming the Église de la Confession d'Augsbourg de France, established as a nationwide synod and body. It renamed as

Protestant Church of Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine
(EPCAAL) had branched off, competent since for most Lutheran congregations in Alsace and Moselle.

Diffusion

In a study regarding the various religions of France, based on 51 surveys held by the

IFOP in the period 2011-2014, so based on a sample of 51.770 answers, there were 17.4% of Protestants in the Bas-Rhin, 7.3% in the Haut-Rhin, 7.2% in the Gard, 6.8% in the Drôme and 4.2% in the Ardèche. In the other departments this presence is residual, with, for example, only 0.5% in Côte-d'Or and in the Côtes-d'Armor.[3]

History

Reformation in France

Main articles:
Calvinism, and Huguenots

French Wars of Religion (1562–1598)

Main article: French Wars of Religion
See also: Henry IV of France
"The Expulsion from La Rochelle of 300 Protestant families in November 1661"; by Jan Luyken

Huguenot rebellions (1621–1629)

Main article: Huguenot rebellions

Significant decline under Louis XIV

Under his rule, the Edict of Nantes which granted rights to Huguenots was abolished. The revocation effectively forced Huguenots to emigrate or convert in a wave of dragonnades. Louis XIV managed to virtually destroy the French Protestant minority, which had survived more than 150 years of wars and persecution under previous French kings.

Further persecution

Further information: Persecution of Huguenots under Louis XV

Persecution formally stopped with the Edict of Versailles in 1787, although it was not until the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 that Protestants were fully emancipated.

Napoleon and Protestants

Main article: Napoleon and Protestants

Later establishments

The Protestant psalter, 1817

In 1927 some congregations of EPCAAL branched off and established a separate Evangelical Lutheran church and synod for France and Belgium. Many Evangelical Protestant currents would be established in France in the post-WWII period, many of which are part of charismatic or Pentecostal movements. These movements often succeeded older and smaller movements that were largely indigenous or established through the efforts of European, mainly British, Evangelicals.

Apology to the Huguenots

In October 1985, to commemorate the tercentenary of the

Huguenots around the world for past governmental persecution of their forebears.[4]
At the same time, a special postage stamp was released to honour the Huguenots. In a recognition of sorts of their formerly abused rights, the stamp states that France is the home of the Huguenots ("Accueil des Huguenots").

A new rise of Protestantism

While Protestantism is declining in much of Lutheran Europe,[5][6] France may be an exception,[7] where it now is claimed to be stable in number or even growing slightly.[7]

Protestants form a minority of 3% in France. Various churches shaped by

Lutherans are declining, and in 2013 large parts of these groups merged into the United Protestant Church of France
.

In 2019, it was reported that a new Evangelical church is built every 10 days and Evangelicanism now counts 700,000 followers across France.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Being Christian in Western Europe" (PDF). Pew Research Center. 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-08-02. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  2. ^ US State Dept 2022 report
  3. ^ Fourquet, Jérôme; Le Bras, Hervé (2014). "La religion dévoilée" (PDF). Jean Jaurès Fondation: 71. Archived from the original on 2017-04-11.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. ^ "Allocution de M. François Mitterrand, Président de la République, aux cérémonies du tricentenaire de la Révocation de l'Edit de Nantes, sur la tolérance en matière politique et religieuse et l'histoire du protestantisme en France, Paris, Palais de l'UNESCO". Discours.vie-publique.fr. 1985-10-11. Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
  5. ISBN 978-1-135-21100-4
    .
  6. ISBN 9004126228
    – via Google Books.
  7. ^
    ISBN 9789059723986
    – via Google Books.
  8. ^ "Focus - Evangelical churches gaining ground in France". France 24. July 12, 2019.

Further reading

  • Dagon, Gérard. Petites églises de France. [S.l.]: Édité par l'auteur; [S.l.: Printed by] M. Hagondange, 1977. N.B.: Concerns non-Catholic Christian groups and also non-Christian religions in France.
  • Mehl, Roger. Le Protestantisme français dans la société actuelle: 1945-1980, in series, Histoire et société, n'o 1. Genève: Éditions Labor et Fides, 1982. Without ISBN

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Protestantism in France.
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