Gabriele Veneziano

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Gabriele Veneziano
(2007)
Born (1942-09-07) 7 September 1942 (age 81)
Florence, Italy
Alma materUniversity of Florence
Weizmann Institute of Science
Known forVeneziano amplitude
Witten–Veneziano mechanism
String theory
String cosmology
AwardsDirac Medal (2014)
James Joyce Award (2009)
Tomassoni award (2009)
Oskar Klein Memorial Lecture (2007)
Albert Einstein Medal (2006)
Enrico Fermi Prize (2005)
Heineman Prize (2004)
Pomeranchuk Prize (1999)
Racah Lecture (1975)
Scientific career
FieldsTheoretical physics
InstitutionsCERN; Collège de France

Gabriele Veneziano (/ˌvɛnətsiˈæn/;[citation needed] Italian: [venetˈtsjaːno]; born 7 September 1942)[1] is an Italian theoretical physicist widely considered the father of string theory.[2][3] He has conducted most of his scientific activities at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland, and held the Chair of Elementary Particles, Gravitation and Cosmology at the Collège de France in Paris from 2004 to 2013, until the age of retirement there.[2]

Life

Gabriele Veneziano was born in Florence. In 1965, he earned his

Rehovot, Israel and obtained his PhD in 1967 under the supervision of Hector Rubinstein. During his stay in Israel, he collaborated, among others, with Marco Ademollo (a professor in Florence) and Miguel Virasoro (an Argentinian physicist who later became a professor in Italy). During his years at MIT, he collaborated with many colleagues, primarily with Sergio Fubini (an MIT professor, later a member of the Theory Division and of the Directorate at CERN
in Geneva, Switzerland).

Between 1968 and 1972 he worked at

College of France in Paris, France (2004-2013), of which he is currently an Honorary Professor. He visited many Universities all over the world. More recently he was Global Distinguished Professor at New York University
and is Sackler Professor at Tel-Aviv University.

Research

Gabriele Veneziano first formulated the foundations of string theory in 1968 when he discovered a string picture that could describe the interaction of strongly interacting particles.[4][5][6] Veneziano discovered that the Euler Beta function, interpreted as a scattering amplitude, has many of the features needed to explain the physical properties of strongly interacting particles. This amplitude, known as the Veneziano amplitude, is interpreted as the scattering amplitude for four open string tachyons. In retrospect this work is now considered the founding of string theory although at the time it was not apparent the string picture would lead to a new theory of quantum gravity.

Veneziano's work led to intense research to try to explain the

fermi in length. The rise of quantum chromodynamics
, a rival explanation of the strong force, led to a temporary loss of interest in string theories until the 1980s when interest was revived.

In 1991, he published a paper

pre-big bang
scenarios.

Society memberships

Awards

References

  1. ^ Biography Archived 31 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine on the Collège de France website
  2. ^ a b "biography and bibliography". College de France. Archived from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
  3. ]
  4. .
  5. .
  6. OL 16156324M. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2 September 2011.
  7. .
  8. ^ "Professor Gabriele Veneziano". www.swansea.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 February 2020.

External links