Galaxias
Galaxias | |
---|---|
A Galaxias olidus from southeast Australia | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Galaxiiformes |
Family: | Galaxiidae |
Subfamily: | Galaxiinae
|
Genus: | Galaxias G. Cuvier, 1816 |
Galaxias is a
Galaxiids are
Species
The 46 recognized species in this genus are:
- Galaxias aequipinnis Raadik, 2014 (East Gippsland Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias anomalus Stokell, 1959 (Roundhead Galaxias)
- Galaxias arcanus Raadik, 2014 (Riffle Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias argenteus Gmelin, 1789 (Giant Kōkopu)
- Galaxias auratus Johnston, 1883 (Golden Galaxias)
- Galaxias brevipinnis Günther, 1866 (Climbing Galaxias)
- Galaxias brevissimus Raadik, 2014 (Short-tail Galaxias) [1]
- , 2002 (Lowland Long-jawed Galaxias)
- Galaxias depressiceps McDowall & Wallis, 1996 (Flathead Galaxias)
- Galaxias divergens Stokell, 1959 (Dwarf Galaxias)
- Galaxias eldoniMcDowall, 1997 (Eldon's Galaxias)
- Galaxias fasciatus Gray, 1842 (Banded Kōkopu)
- Galaxias fontanus Fulton, 1978 (Swan Galaxias)
- Galaxias fuscus Mack, 1936 (Barred Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias globiceps Eigenmann, 1928
- Galaxias gollumoides McDowall & Chadderton, 1999 (Gollum Galaxias) [2]
- Galaxias gracilisMcDowall, 1967 (Dwarf Inanga)
- Galaxias gunaikurnai Raadik, 2014 (Shaw Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias johnstoni Scott, 1936 (Clarence Galaxias)
- Galaxias lanceolatus Raadik, 2014 (Tapered Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias longifundus Raadik, 2014 (West Gippsland Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias macronasus McDowall & Waters, 2003
- Galaxias maculatus Jenyns, 1842 (Common Galaxias)
- Galaxias mcdowalli Raadik, 2014 (McDowall's Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias mungadhan Raadik, 2014 (Dargo Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias neocaledonicus Weber & de Beaufort, 1913
- Galaxias niger Andrews, 1985 (Black Galaxias)
- Galaxias occidentalis Ogilby, 1899 (Western Galaxias)
- Galaxias olidus Günther, 1866 (Mountain Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias oliros Raadik, 2014 (Obscure Galaxias) [1]
- Castelnau, 1873 (Ornate Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias parvus Frankenberg, 1968 (Small Pedder Galaxias)
- Galaxias paucispondylusStokell, 1938 (Alpine Galaxias)
- Galaxias pedderensisFrankenberg, 1968 (Pedder Galaxias)
- Galaxias platei Steindachner, 1898
- Galaxias postvectisF. E. Clarke, 1899 (Short-jaw Kōkopu)
- Galaxias prognathusStokell, 1940 (Long-jaw Galaxias)
- Galaxias pullusMcDowall, 1997 (Dusky Galaxias)
- Galaxias rostratus Klunzinger, 1872 (Flathead Galaxias)
- Galaxias supremus Raadik, 2014 (Kosciuszko Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias tantangara Raadik, 2014 (Stocky Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias tanycephalusFulton, 1978 (Saddled Galaxias)
- Galaxias terenasus Raadik, 2014 (Roundsnout Galaxias) [1]
- Galaxias truttaceus Valenciennes, 1846 (Spotted Galaxias)
- Galaxias vulgarisStokell, 1949 (Common River Galaxias)
- Galaxias zebratusCastelnau, 1861 (Cape Galaxias)
Distribution
Galaxiids are restricted to the
Galaxiids are the dominant group of native freshwater fish in
Habitat
Galaxiids are coolwater species, with many wholly freshwater species specialising in high-altitude upland streams (including very small streams), rivers, and lakes. Some galaxiids include a marine stage in their lifecycles where larvae are washed out to sea to develop, and return to rivers as juveniles. This type of diadromous fish migration is known as amphidromy. These species are consequently also found in low-altitude habitats, but frequently migrate to high-altitude reaches of river systems in their adult stage.
Threats
Wholly freshwater galaxiids are gravely threatened by exotic
In most situations, wholly freshwater galaxiids are unable to persist in the presence of exotic trout species, and many are now restricted to the few remaining trout-free habitats. Where these species are found in the presence of trout, the galaxiids usually consist entirely of individuals which dispersed there from an upstream trout-free population, and are not self-sustaining. Numerous localised extinctions of wholly freshwater galaxiid species (i.e.
Introduced salmoniids also have a negative impact on diadromous galaxiids, competing with them for food and habitat, as well as preying on them. However, the impact is not as great and they appear to be able to persist in the presence of trout.[citation needed]
References
External links
- Video of Barred Galaxias in the Central Highlands, Victoria, Australia
- Video of Climbing Galaxias in Wilsons Promontory National Park, Australia
- Video of Climbing Galaxias on Flinders Island, Tasmania, Australia
- Video of Common Galaxias in Croajingolong National Park, Australia
- Video of Dargo Galaxias in the Alpine National Park, Australia
- Video of Mountain Galaxias in the Grampians National Park, Victoria, Australia
- Video of Obscure Galaxias in the Grampians National Park, Victoria, Australia
- Video of Ornate Galaxias in the Yarra River catchment, Victoria, Australia
- Video of Spotted Galaxias in Wilsons Promontory National Park, Australia
- Video of Spotted Galaxias from Waratah Bay, Australia