Gaṅgeśa

Gangesha Upadhyay
गङ्गेश उपाध्याय
Born	Gangesha
Nationality	Indian
Alma mater	Philosopher Head of the Ancient Mithila University
Notable work	Navya Nyaya School of Indian Philosophy, Tattvachintāmaṇi
Region	Ancient Mithila University , Ancient Nabadwip University
Language	Sanskrit
Notable ideas	New Logic

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Gaṅgeśa (

of this school were primarily interested in defining their terms and concepts related to non-binary logical categories.

Life

Gangesa was born at Karion village on the banks of the Kamala River, 19 km south-east of Darbhanga in a Brahmin family. According to tradition, he was illiterate in his early years but later he acquired the knowledge of logic as a boon from the goddess Kali.^[1]

The Tattvacintāmaṇi

The founding text of Navya-Nyaya - it is divided into four khaṇḍas (books): Pratyakṣakhaṇḍa (book on perception), Anumānakhaṇḍa (book on inference), Upamānakhaṇḍa (book on comparison) and Śabdakhaṇḍa (book on verbal testimony). The first book opens with a salutation to Shiva.^[2]

The Tattvacintāmaṇi (T.C.) is a systematic account of epistemology, logic, and the philosophy of grammar. Other subjects, such as the proofs of God, are treated incidentally.

Gangesa refers to his own teachings as the New Nyaya. This term New Nyaya is not to be understood as implying any great originality in theory on Gangesa's part, but rather originality in method. His work differs from the oldest Nyaya in that he accepts many tenets of the Vaisesika school, and in his arrangement of Nyaya teachings under four headings rather than under the 16 subjects (padartha) of the Old Nyaya.

The newness of Gangesa's method is newness of style and of organization. He is far more precise, more careful to define his terms, than were his predecessors; these virtues of his work are responsible for the fact that perhaps half of Navya-Nyaya literature is based either directly on the T.C. or on a commentary on the T.C.^[3]

See also

• Ancient Mithila University
• Indian philosophers
• Indian mathematicians
• Nyaya

Notes

External links

• Phillips, Stephen. "Gaṅgeśa". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
• Ganeri, Jonardon. "Analytic Philosophy in Early Modern India". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

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