Ganja

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The word ganja written in graffiti in Seville, Spain

Ganja (/ˈɡænə/, US: /ˈɡɑːnə/; Hindi pronunciation: [ɡaːɲd͡ʒaː]) is one of the oldest and most commonly used synonyms for marijuana. Its usage in English dates to before 1689.[1]

Etymology

Ganja is borrowed from

Hindi/Urdu gāñjā (Hindi: गांजा, Urdu: گانجا, IPA: [ɡaːɲd͡ʒaː]), a name for cannabis used as a drug, which is derived from Sanskrit gañjā, referring to a "powerful preparation from Cannabis sativa".[2][3][4][5][6] The word was used in Europe as early as 1856, when the British enacted a tax on the "ganja" trade.[7]

One academic source places the date of introduction of ganja in Jamaica at 1845.[8] The term came with 19th century workers whose descendants are now known as Indo-Jamaicans.[9]

Contemporary use of the term ganja

English use

Ganja is the most common term for marijuana in West Indies.[9][10]

In popular culture

In 1976, Peter Tosh defended the use of ganja in the song "Legalize It".[11] The hip hop group Cypress Hill revived the term in the United States in 2004 in a song titled "Ganja Bus", followed by other artists, including rapper Eminem, in the 2009 song "Must Be the Ganja".[7][12]

In other languages

Derivatives of the term are used as generic words for marijuana in several languages, such as Indonesian/Malay (ganja), Khmer (កញ្ឆា, kanhchhea), Lao (ກັນຊາ, kan sa), Thai (กัญชา, gancha), Tiwi (kanja),[13] and Vietnamese (cần sa).

References

  1. ^ "10 Words From Hindi & Urdu". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  2. JSTOR 25597374
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  3. ^ McGregor, R. S. (Ronald Stuart) (29 November 1993). "The Oxford Hindi-English dictionary". dsal.uchicago.edu.
  4. ISBN 9780849326356. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help
    )
  5. ]
  6. ^ Steinmetz, Katy (20 April 2017). "420 Day: Why There Are So Many Different Names for Weed". Time. Archived from the original on 12 August 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  7. ^ a b Linder, Courtney (19 April 2015). "Pot patois: A comprehensive etymology of marijuana". The Pitt News. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
  8. .
  9. ^ a b Lisa Rough (14 May 2015). "Jamaica's Cannabis Roots: The History of Ganja on the Island". Leafly. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
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  13. ^ Dictionary AuSIL Archived 3 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine
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