Ganoga Lake
Ganoga Lake | |
---|---|
Location | Colley, Sullivan, Pennsylvania |
Coordinates | 41°21′22″N 76°19′06″W / 41.35611°N 76.31833°W[1] |
Type | Lake |
River sources | Kitchen Creek |
Max. length | 0.88 miles (1.42 km) |
Surface area | 78.8 acres (31.9 ha) |
Average depth | 13 feet (4.0 m) |
Surface elevation | 2,260 feet (690 m) |
Ganoga Lake is a natural lake in Colley Township in southeastern Sullivan County in Pennsylvania, United States. Known as Robinson's Lake and Long Pond for most of the 19th century, the lake was purchased by the Ricketts family in the early 1850s and became part of R. Bruce Ricketts' extensive holdings in the area after the American Civil War. The lake is one of the highest in Pennsylvania, which led Ricketts to name it Highland Lake by 1874 and rename it Ganoga Lake in 1881; Pennsylvania senator Charles R. Buckalew suggested the name Ganoga from the Seneca language word for "water on the mountain".[2]
The Ricketts built a stone house on the lake shore by 1852 or 1855; this served as a hunting lodge and tavern. In 1873 a large wooden addition was built north of the stone house, which became a hotel known as the North Mountain House. The hotel had one of the first summer schools in the United States in 1876 and 1877. A branch railroad line to the lake served the hotel and also hauled ice cut from the lake for refrigeration. The hotel closed in 1903, though the house remained the Ricketts family summer home. After the death of R. Bruce Ricketts in 1918, his heirs sold much of his 80,000 acres (32,000 ha) to the state for Pennsylvania State Game Lands and Ricketts Glen State Park. The state tried to purchase the lake in 1957, but was outbid by a group of investors who turned the land around it into a private housing development; as such it is "off limits" to the public.[3]
Ganoga Lake is on the
Description
Ganoga Lake is a natural
Ganoga Lake has a long, narrow oval shape, oriented north-northwest to south-southeast. In 1936 William Reynolds Ricketts wrote that the lake has an average width of 700 to 800 feet (210 to 240 m) and is "about one mile long, lacking 600 to 700 ft." or about 0.88 miles (1.42 km) in length.[2] However, according to a 1917 Pennsylvania Water Resources Inventory Report, in its largest dimensions it is 3,720 feet (1,130 m) long (0.705 miles or 1.135 kilometres) by 1,025 feet (312 m) wide.[8] It has an average depth of 10 feet (3.0 m) and a maximum depth of 13 feet (4.0 m).[8] The drainage basin for the lake is an area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 km2), and its capacity is 373 acre-feet (460,000 m3) (121,500,000 US gallons or 459,900,000 litres or 101,200,000 imperial gallons).[8]
A branch of
History
First inhabitants
Ganoga Lake is in the Susquehanna River drainage basin, the earliest recorded inhabitants of which were the Iroquoian-speaking Susquehannocks. Their numbers were greatly reduced by disease and warfare with the Five Nations of the Iroquois, and by 1675 they had died out, moved away, or been assimilated into other tribes. After this, the lands of the Susquehanna valley were under the nominal control of the Iroquois, who encouraged displaced tribes from the east to settle there, including the Shawnee and Lenape (or Delaware).[10]
On November 5, 1768, the British acquired land, known in Pennsylvania as the
A hunter named Robinson, whose cabin was at the lake's northern end about 1800, was the first recorded inhabitant. He gave the lake its earliest known name: Robinson's Lake. However, for most of the 19th century the lake was known as Long Pond, because of its elongated shape. From 1822 to 1827 the Susquehanna and Tioga Turnpike, which followed the lake's western shore, was built between the Pennsylvania communities of Berwick in the south and Towanda in the north. Beginning in 1827 the northbound daily stagecoach left Berwick in the morning and stopped for lunch at the Long Pond Tavern on the lake about noon. The stage operated until 1851; the road was the Susquehanna and Tioga Turnpike until 1908, when the modern Pennsylvania Route 487 was built. Route 487 follows the course of the turnpike as it approaches the lake from the south, then passes to the east of the lake instead.[2][16][17]
While on a hunting trip north of the lake in 1850, brothers Elijah and Clemuel Ricketts were frustrated at having to spend the night on a hotel's parlor floor. In 1851 or 1853 they bought 5,000 acres (2,000 ha), including the lake, as their own hunting preserve, and built a stone house on the lake shore by 1852 or 1855.[a] The stone house served as their lodge and as a tavern; it was known as "Ricketts Folly" for its isolated location in the wilderness. Clemuel died in 1858 and Elijah bought his share of the land and house.[2][16][18][19]
R. B. Ricketts
Elijah's son Robert Bruce Ricketts, for whom Ricketts Glen State Park is named, joined the Union Army as a private at the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, and rose through the ranks to become a colonel. After the war, R. B. Ricketts returned to Pennsylvania and purchased the stone house, lake, and some of the land around it from his father on September 25, 1869 for $3,969.81 (approximately $87,000 in 2024); eventually he controlled or owned more than 80,000 acres (32,000 hectares), including the lake and the park's glens and waterfalls.[2][16][20][21][22]
From 1872 to 1875 Ricketts and his partners operated a sawmill near the lake, 0.5 miles (0.8 km) southeast of his house. In 1872 Ricketts used lumber from the mill to build a three-story wooden addition next to the stone house; this opened as the North Mountain House hotel in 1873, and was run by Ricketts' brother Frank from then until 1898. The hotel hosted many of the Ricketts friends and relations as well as guests from Wilkes-Barre, Philadelphia, New York City, and other places. Many of the guests arrived after school let out in June and stayed all summer until school resumed in September. In 1876 and 1877, Ricketts ran the first summer school in the United States at his house and hotel; one of the teachers was Joseph Rothrock, later known as the "Father of Forestry" in Pennsylvania.[2][16][24]
Ricketts and the others living in the area were not aware of the waterfalls in what is now the state park until about 1865, when they were discovered by two of the Ricketts' guests who went fishing and wandered down Kitchen Creek. In 1879 Ricketts started the North Mountain Fishing Club, for anglers on the lake and creek. Guests of the hotel paid one dollar to fish as a club member.
Ricketts was a lumberman who made his fortune clearcutting nearly all his land, but no logging was allowed within 0.5-mile (0.8 km) of the lake,[29] and the glens and their waterfalls in the state park were "saved from the lumberman's axe through the foresight of the Ricketts family".[30] One hemlock tree cut near the lake to clear land for a building in 1893 was 6 feet (1.8 m) in diameter and 532 years old.[29]
Ricketts and his business partners built the lumber town of Ricketts about 4 miles (6 km) northeast of the lake starting in 1890; it had up to 800 inhabitants and several saw mills and operated until 1913, when the timber was exhausted. A 3.85-mile (6.20 km) branch line of the Lehigh Valley Railroad ran from Ricketts to the north end of the lake, opening in 1893. There was daily passenger service to Wilkes-Barre and Towanda on this line, which also served freight trains hauling ice from the lake for use in refrigeration from 1895 on. The ice cutting business on the lake employed 175 men, and had an 80-by-400-foot (24 by 122 m) ice house at the north end of the lake, near the small train station made of logs. The Ganoga Lake Ice Company was incorporated in 1897, and operated until about 1915. Ricketts' son William Reynolds Ricketts was one of five partners in the ice company. Ice skating was also a popular pastime on the lake.[2][31][32] In 1913 the lake had a boathouse and was used by rowboats.[8]
The North Mountain House was threatened by a forest fire in 1900; the subsequent loss of much of the surrounding old-growth forest led to decreased numbers of hotel guests. In 1903 another large fire on North Mountain threatened the sawmill in the village of Ricketts.[33] The wooden addition to the stone house was torn down in either 1897 or 1903, and the land became a garden. The hotel closed in November 1903,[b] and the fishing club and passenger train service ended with the closure.[2][16][34]
The stone house remained the Ricketts family's summer home. After the hotel closed, several small cabins were built around the lake for rental to sportsmen. Ricketts proposed moving the highway from his front yard in 1904; the
Modern era
R. B. Ricketts and his wife had three children; their son William Reynolds Ricketts lived in the house after his parents' deaths. Between 1920 and 1924 the
In 1942 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania bought 1,261 acres (510 hectares), including the glens and their waterfalls, from the heirs for $82,000. Ricketts Glen State Park opened in 1944. The state bought a total of 16,000 acres (6,500 hectares) more from the heirs in 1945 and 1950 for $68,000; the park today has about 10,000 acres (4,000 hectares) from the Ricketts family and about 3,000 acres (1,200 hectares) acquired from others.[22][36] After World War II, William Reynolds Ricketts also sold the old-growth timber around Ganoga Lake to help pay property taxes.[40]
William Reynolds Ricketts died in 1956 and the lake and surrounding land were sold in October 1957 for $109,000. The Department of Forests and Waters (predecessor of the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources) bid on the 3,140 acres (1,270 ha) including the lake, but were outbid by a group of private investors. They initially planned to sell up to 788 building lots around the lake, but when sales were slower than expected, they instead "formed the Lake Ganoga Association in September 1959 to regulate and preserve the recreation and residential facilities at Lake Ganoga".[3][41] Thus, private development of houses on the lake only began in the 20th century.[23]
The association built 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of roads around the lake; the
Geology and climate
The rocks underlying Ganoga Lake are from the
Ganoga Lake is on the Allegheny Plateau, just north of the
Prior to the
The Allegheny Plateau has a
Climate data for Ricketts Glen State Park (next to Ganoga Lake) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 33 (1) |
36 (2) |
46 (8) |
59 (15) |
70 (21) |
78 (26) |
82 (28) |
80 (27) |
73 (23) |
62 (17) |
49 (9) |
37 (3) |
59 (15) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 15 (−9) |
17 (−8) |
25 (−4) |
35 (2) |
44 (7) |
53 (12) |
58 (14) |
56 (13) |
49 (9) |
38 (3) |
30 (−1) |
21 (−6) |
37 (3) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.76 (70) |
2.52 (64) |
3.13 (80) |
3.45 (88) |
3.80 (97) |
4.99 (127) |
4.07 (103) |
3.30 (84) |
4.49 (114) |
3.21 (82) |
3.38 (86) |
3.01 (76) |
42.11 (1,071) |
Source: The Weather Channel[51] |
Ecology
Ganoga Lake is the largest tributary of Lake Jean, via a 0.4-mile (0.6 km) branch of Kitchen Creek. While Lake Jean lies entirely within Ricketts Glen State Park, much of its 1,998-acre (809 ha) drainage basin extends beyond the park, and Ganoga Lake's 960-acre (390 ha) watershed accounts for nearly half of the total area. Lake Jean covers 253 acres (102 ha); the remaining 1,745 acres (706 ha) of the Lake Jean watershed are 81.0%
In the 19th century Ganoga Lake was home to
Although there are no pollution point sources in the drainage basin, acid rain is a major concern.[9] Acidification has altered the ecology of the lakes and region; in Lake Jean low pH has decreased the number and quality of insects and plankton at the base of the food chain. Fish which are acid tolerant are predominant, including fathead minnow, muskellunge, pumpkinseed, walleye, and yellow perch. There are relatively few predators like chain pickerel and largemouth bass, and adult fish "appear to have good growth rates but poor reproductive success".[7][9]
Despite the increased acidity, all of the Kitchen Creek drainage basin, which includes Ganoga Lake, is classified by the state of Pennsylvania as a "High Quality-Cold Water Fishery".[55] Under the Clean Water Act a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) has been established for acidic pollution in the Lake Jean watershed. Ganoga Lake's TMDL for acidity is 4.1 pounds (1.9 kg) per day.[9] Long term exposure to acid rain also damages soil, depleting calcium levels, which may in turn affect insect populations and reproduction in birds.[7] Lake Jean is also "impaired for mercury due to atmospheric deposition", although TMDLs have not yet been established for this.[9]
Ganoga Lake and Ricketts Glen State Park are part of the much larger 114,978-acre (46,530 ha) Pennsylvania
Ganoga Lake is on the Allegheny Plateau just north of the Allegheny Front; this region is known locally as North Mountain. Many bird species are found in the forests on North Mountain, including the state's only population of blackpoll warbler; other birds seen there include evening grosbeak, northern goshawk, red crossbill, and Swainson's thrush. Historically North Mountain was home to olive-sided flycatcher, and "was one of the few places one could enjoy the songs of all of Pennsylvania's native thrushes"; today it is home to the state's largest yellow-bellied flycatcher population.[7]
Ganoga Lake and its surroundings have a variety of insects and animals. Butterflies in the region are studied by
Notes
- a. ^ According to William Reynolds Ricketts' history of the stone house for the Historic American Buildings Survey,[2] Petrillo's history of the region Ghost Towns of North Mountain,[16] and the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) nomination form for the stone house,[18] brothers Clemuel and Elijah Ricketts bought the lake and surrounding land in 1851, began building the stone house that year, and finished it in 1852. The year 1852 is also carved in stone on the front of the house. However, according to Tomasak's The Life and Times of Robert Bruce Ricketts, the brothers purchased the lake on April 13, 1853, and built the house from 1854 to 1855.[19]
- b. ^ All sources agree that the North Mountain House hotel closed in 1903, but differ on the date that the wooden addition used for the hotel was torn down. William Reynold's Ricketts' history for the HABS and Petrillo's book both report it was razed in 1897,[2][16] while the NRHP nomination form and Tomasak's book give the year as 1903.[18][60]
See also
- Lake Jean, a lake slightly further downstream
- List of lakes in Pennsylvania
References
- ^ a b "Ganoga Lake". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Ricketts, pp. 2–6.
- ^ a b c d e f Tomasak, pp. 376–377.
- ^ Petrillo, p. 42.
- ^ "Siebert Lake". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ A search on the USGS GNIS system for lakes above 2,200 feet (670 m) in Pennsylvania finds only four: Siebert Lake (2,287 feet (697 m)), Ganoga Lake (2,260 feet (689 m)), Lopez Pond (2,224 feet (678 m)) in Sullivan County, and Lake Jean (2,218 feet (676 m)) in Luzerne County and Ricketts Glen State Park.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Gross, pp. 1–24.
- ^ a b c d e Pennsylvania Water Supply Commission, p. 70.
- ^ a b c d e f "Decision Rationale Total Maximum Daily Load for Low pH due to Atmospheric Deposition Lake Jean Sullivan and Luzerne Counties, Pennsylvania" (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. August 9, 2004. Retrieved July 16, 2012.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Richter, pp. 3–46.
- ^ Wallace, p. 159.
- ^ Wallace, pp. 136–141.
- ^ "Lycoming County 5th class" (PDF). Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ "Sullivan County 7th class" (PDF). Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ Wren, p. 56, Plate No. 7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Petrillo, pp. 40–43.
- ^ Wilson Jr., Kenneth T. (Spring 1990). "Sketches from the Susquehanna-Tioga Turnpike". Carver Magazine. 8 (1). Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ a b c d McDonald, Teresa B. (Ganoga Lake Association) (1980). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Clemuel Ricketts Mansion" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 29, 2012. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ a b Tomasak, p. 38.
- ^ Tomasak, p. 77.
- ^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "Ricketts Glen State Park". Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 24, 2011. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ a b Petrillo, p. 3.
- ^ "Rothrock State Forest". Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on June 14, 2011. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ Tomasak, p. 98.
- ^ Bachelder, pp. 186–189.
- ^ Tomasak, p. 85.
- ^ Donehoo, pp. 63–64.
- ^ a b Petrillo, pp. 50–55.
- ^ "50,000 will see Rickett's Glen Charms". Williamsport Sun. September 4, 1947. p. 12.
- ^ Petrillo, pp. 1, 50, 53, 55
- ^ Taber, p. 345.
- ^ Tomasak, pp. 328–329.
- ^ Tomasak, pp. 338, 357.
- ^ Tomasak, pp. 338, 352, 357.
- ^ a b Petrillo, p. 69.
- ^ "Camp Information for SP-9-PA". Pennsylvania CCC Archive. Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on June 10, 2011. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- OCLC 12072830. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ "Ricketts Glen Project Sidetracked". Williamsport Gazette and Bulletin. February 28, 1936. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ Tomasak, p. 373.
- ^ Petrillo, pp. 68–70.
- ^ "Pocono Formation". United States Geological Survey. September 30, 2004. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ a b c d e Braun, Inners, pp. 1–13.
- ^ Tomasak, p. 324.
- ^ Van Diver, pp. 31–35, 153–155.
- ^ Shultz, pp. 372–374, 391, 399, 818.
- ^ Bureau of Watershed Management, Division of Water Use Planning, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (2001). Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams (PDF). Prepared in Cooperation with the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Braun, p. 12.
- ^ "Climate of Pennsylvania" (PDF). Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania State Climatologist. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2009. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- OCLC 17150333.
- ^ a b "Monthly Averages for Ricketts Glen State Park". The Weather Channel Interactive, Inc. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- Bloomsburg University. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ Tomasak, pp. 328, 406.
- ^ Frey, Aaron (Spring 2007). "Biologist Reports: Lake Jean, Luzerne County, Spring 2007, Sampling Gear: Trap Nets & Electrofishing". Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (January 9, 2010). "The Pennsylvania Code § 93.9k. Drainage List K. Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania, Susquehanna River". Fry Communications, Inc. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ a b Tomasak, p. 328.
- Audubon Pennsylvania; Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (2004). Susquehanna River Birding and Wildlife Trail. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. p. 36. Archived from the original (Searchable database) on June 7, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2012.) Note: This guide is available both as a book (page numbers given) and website (URL given).
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ Petrillo, p. 53.
- ^ "Abbreviated History of Pennsylvania's White-Tailed Deer Management". Pennsylvania Game Commission. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ Tomasak, p. 313.
Works cited
- OCLC 317328980. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
ganoga.
- Braun, Duane D. (2007). "Surficial geology of the Red Rock 7.5-minute quadrangle, Luzerne, Sullivan, and Columbia Counties, Pennsylvania" (PDF). Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 4th series, Open-File Report OFSM 07-10.0. Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 9, 2011. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- Braun, Duane D.; Inners, Jon D. "Pennsylvania Trail of Geology, Ricketts Glen State Park, Luzerne, Sullivan and Columbia Counties, The Rocks, the Glens and the Falls (Park Guide 13)" (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 20, 2004. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- Donehoo, George P. (1999) [1928]. A History of the Indian Villages and Place Names in Pennsylvania (PDF) (Second Reprint ed.). ISBN 1-889037-11-7. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2012-07-11. Retrieved July 16, 2012. ISBN refers to a 1999 reprint edition, URL is for the Susquehanna River Basin Commission's web page of Native American Place names, quoting and citing the book
- Gross, Doug (May 2004). "Pennsylvania Important Bird Area #48 (Formerly #48 & 49) North Mountain including Ricketts Glen State Park and Dutch Mountain Wetlands, SGL 57, and SGL 13 (in part): Phase I Conservation Plan" (PDF). Pennsylvania Audubon Society. Archived from the original(PDF) on July 25, 2011.
- See also: "Site Profile: Ricketts Glen – Crevelling Lake Area". National Audubon Society. 2012. Archived from the originalon April 4, 2011. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- See also: "Site Profile: Ricketts Glen – Crevelling Lake Area".
- Pennsylvania Water Supply Commission (1917). Water Resources Inventory Report: Part III: Gazetteer of Streams: Act of July 25, 1913, Volumes 3–5. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Wm. Stanley Ray, State Publisher. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- Petrillo, F. Charles (1991). Ghost Towns of North Mountain: Ricketts, Mountain Springs, Stull (PDF). Wyoming Historical & Geological Society. OCLC 25080093.
- Richter, Daniel K. (2002). "Chapter 1. The First Pennsylvanians". In Miller, Randall M.; Pencak, William A. (eds.). Pennsylvania: A History of the Commonwealth. University Park, Pennsylvania: ISBN 0-271-02213-2.
- Ricketts, William Reynolds (1936). "William R. Ricketts House, North Mountain Colley, Ganoga Lake, Sullivan County, PA". Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record. Library of Congress. Archived from the original on December 13, 2012. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- Shultz, Charles H., ed. (1999). The Geology of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Society and Pittsburgh Geological Society. ISBN 0-8182-0227-0.
- Taber III, Thomas T. (1970). "Chapter 3.3 Ricketts – Trexler and Turrell Lumber Company". Ghost Lumber Towns of Central Pennsylvania: Laquin, Masten, Ricketts, Grays Run. OCLC 1044759.
- Tomasak, Peter (2008). In Command of Time Elapsed: The Life and Times of Robert Bruce Ricketts. Kyttle, Pennsylvania: North Mountain Publishing Company.
- Van Diver, Bradford B. (1990). Roadside Geology of Pennsylvania. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press Publishing Company. ISBN 0-87842-227-7.
- Wallace, Paul A.W.; revised by William A. Hunter (2005). Indians in Pennsylvania (Second ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: OCLC 1744740. Retrieved July 16, 2012. (Note: OCLC refers to the 1961 First Edition).
- Wren, Christopher; Wyoming Historical and Geological Society (1914). A Study of North Appalachian Indian Pottery. Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania: E.B. Yordy Co. p. 56. OCLC 2510750. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
murray reynolds indian pot.
External links
Media related to Ganoga Lake at Wikimedia Commons